不同种源红松种实及营养成分变异与优良种源选择OA

Pinus koraiensis is an important economic tree species in Northeast China.Genetic improvement of its seed cone traits and nutritional characteristics can significantly enhance the benefits of related industries.Eleven 16-year-old P.koraiensis provenances collected from three provinces(Liaoning,Jilin,and Heilongjiang)were used as materials.The geographical variation patterns of seed cone traits(e.g.,cone mass,1000-seed mass)and nutritional components(e.g.,oil,amino acids)were analyzed to screen superior provenances.The results showed that all traits of P.koraiensis exhibited extremely significant differences among different provenances(P<0.01).The average phenotypic coefficient of variation and average heritability of all traits were 15.18%and 0.82,respectively,indicating high variation level and great heritability potential.Correlation analysis revealed that the mass fractions of protein,crude fiber,and linoleic acid were significantly or extreme-ly significantly negatively correlated with longitude.The mass fraction of polysaccharides was significantly positively correla-ted with July average temperature and sunshine duration.Most key traits showed a gradual increasing trend from northwest to southeast.Through principal component analysis,average membership function method,and Breeding's multi-trait com-prehensive evaluation method,Provenance No.1(Benxi County,Liaoning Province)was selected as the superior prove-nance.The average actual gain and average genetic gain of its key traits(e.g.,1000-seed mass,oil mass fraction,essen-tial amino acid mass fraction)were 22.12%and 19.52%,respectively.The results confirm the feasibility of provenance improvement of P.koraiensis,and the selected superior provenance can be used as the core germplasm for the construction of P.koraiensis seed orchards and fruit-bearing forests.