山羊乳源不饱和脂肪酸合成关键基因与鲜奶脂肪酸组成的关联分析OA

Beneficial fatty acids,especially unsaturated fatty acids,are critical nutritional components of ruminant fresh milk,exerting multiple physiological effects.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland remain unwell understood.Here,this study investigated the correlation between functional gene expression in mammary epithelial cells and milk fat metabolism in mid-lactation dairy goats.Through milk fat composition analysis combined with real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR),we detected the fatty acid contents and relative expression levels of seven core factors in milk-derived RNA,such as liver X receptor(LXR),elongation of very long chain fatty acids like 5(ELOVL5),and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(SCD1).The results showed that liver X receptor β gene(LXRB)exhibited significant co-expression patterns with ELOVL5 and SCD1.All three factors(LXRB,ELOVL5,and SCD1)were strongly positively correlated with C22:6 content and daily production(P＜0.01).No significant correlations were observed between liver X receptor α gene(LXRA)expression and ELOVL5/SCD1 expression.Additionally,other genes showed irregular correlations with unsaturated fatty acid content and daily production in milk.This research provides evidence for the targeted regulation of milk-derived LXRB on fatty acid elongases and desaturases,offering theoretical data to further clarify the molecular regulatory network underlying beneficial fatty acid synthesis in fresh milk.