南瓜属三大主栽种重要性状遗传研究进展OA

The Cucurbita genus is globally recognized as an important source of vegetables and food crops,characterized by significant economic value and nutritional benefits.Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing and molecular marker technologies have driven substantial progress in Cucurbita genetic research.This review systematically consolidated current knowledge on the genetic foundations of three major Cucurbita cultivars(C.pepo,C.maxima,and C.moschata),focusing on agronomic traits,quality,and stress resistance.Key developments in quantitative trait locus(QTL)/gene mapping and candidate gene identification for critical agronomic traits,including plant architecture,sex differentiation,fruit morphology and color were comprehensively summarized.Furthermore,the genetic regulation of flesh quality related components(e.g.,sugars,starch,and carotenoids)was critically examined.The molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to biotic stresses(against fungal and viral pathogens)and abiotic stresses(e.g.,to drought,low temperature,and salinity)were also summarized.This paper provides a theoretical basis for elucidating molecular genetic mechanisms of trait formation in Cucurbita species and supports the development of novel cultivars with enhanced yield,improved quality,and multi-stress resilience.