干扰素tau(IFNT)的结构特征、转录调控机制及其在反刍动物胚胎生产中的应用研究进展OA

Interferon tau(IFNT)is a type I interferon specifically secreted by the trophectoderm of ruminant embryos and plays a pivotal role during early pregnancy.Its primary functions include suppressing the synthesis and secretion of uterine prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α),thereby blocking luteolysis and ensuring sustained progesterone production.Additionally,IFNT exhibits anti-inflammatory,antiviral,and immunomodulatory properties that promote maternal immune tolerance,facilitating embryo implantation and development.The expression of IFNT is dynamically regulated by specific transcription factors and epigenetic modifications.In recent years,as the research on the molecular mechanisms of IFNT has advanced,its potential applications in enhancing reproductive efficiency and accelerating genetic improvement in ruminants have become increasingly evident.This review summarizes the structural characteristics,transcriptional regulatory mechanisms,and applications of IFNT in ruminant embryo production,aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for its practical utilization in ruminant reproductive biotechnology.