家畜卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻保护剂应用进展与优化策略OA

Oocyte cryopreservation is a vital technology for preserving germplasm resources of genetically superior livestock and endangered species,and also serving as a critical tool for breed improvement and commercial embryo production.As essential agents in vitrification,cryoprotectant agents protect cells by lowering the freezing point,increasing viscosity,preventing ice crystallization,and mitigating osmotic damage.However,the cytotoxicity of cryoprotectant agents remains one of the critical challenges to be addressed in vitrification technology.The development of novel cryoprotectant agents with low toxicity and high efficacy has become a key research direction for improving the efficiency of livestock oocyte vitrification.This review systematically analyzes the cytotoxic mechanisms of conventional cryoprotectant agents in oocytes preservation,with particular emphasis on recent advances in novel cryoprotective agents,including small-molecule permeable cryoprotectants,lipid modulators,antioxidants,and cytoskeleton stabilizers.It will provide both theoretical basis and technical references for optimizing the vitrification systems of livestock oocytes.