花青素对卵巢功能异常肉母牛生殖激素和肠道菌群的调节作用OA

This experiment aimed to explore the regulatory effects of anthocyanins on reproductive hormones and gut microbiota in beef cows that suffered to ovarian dysfunction.By using B-ultrasound to detect the development of ova-rian follicles and corpus luteum in cows,48 cows with abnormal ovarian function were screened and randomly divided into a control group,a low concentration anthocyanin group,and a high concentration group,with 16 cows in each group.The control group was fed with basic feed,while the low and high concentration anthocyanin groups were supplemented with 200 mng/(kg·d-1)and 400 mg/(kg·d-1)anthocyanin,respectively,for 60 consecutive days.Observe the development of follicles and corpus luteum in the ovaries of cows through B-ultrasound every 3 days.Progesterone(P4)and estradiol(E2)levels in the serum of cows were detected by ELISA methord.Gut microbiota diversity of cow was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.The results showed that compared to the control group,a small number of large follicles and a relatively large number of primordial follicles could be detected on the ovaries of the low and high concentration anthocyanin groups.The P4 levels in the low and high concentration anthocyanin groups began to de-crease continuously after 42 and 36 days of feeding,respectively(P＜0.05).The low and high concentration anthocya-nin groups showed a significant increase in E2 levels at 54 and 42 days of feeding,respectively(P＜0.05).16S rRNA se-quencing was performed on fecal samples from each group of cows,and a total of 2 010 OTUs were obtained from the three groups of samples.The Shannon index,Ace index,and Chao index in the alpha diversity index were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).PCoA analysis showed significant differences in microbial communi-ties among the three groups of samples.At the phylum level,compared with the control group,the relative abundances of Patescibacteria,Actinobacteriota,Proteobacteria,and Chloroflexi were significantly downregulated(P＜0.05)in both low-and high-concentration anthocyanin groups,while the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota was significantly upregulated(P＜0.05).At the genus level,compared with the control group,the relative abundances of norankfUCG 010,Monoglobus,norank_f_Eubacterium,Paeniclostridium,and NK4A214_group were significantly upregulated(P＜0.05)in both low-and high-concentration anthocyanin groups,while the relative abundances of Bacteroides,norank-f-Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group,and unclassified-f-Lachnospiraceae were significantly down-regulated(P＜0.05).In summary,the addition of anthocyanins to feed effectively regulated reproductive hormone relea-sing levels,improving ovarian function,and enhancing gut microbiota in cows with ovarian dysfunction,and a feeding dose of 400 mg/(kg·d-1)can achieve significant effects.