杜泊羊与藏羊杂交后代的肺脏高原低氧适应性能分析OA

This study aimed to compare the high-altitude hypoxic adaptation among Tibetan sheep,Dorper sheep(♂)× Tibetan sheep(♀)F1 sheep(referred to as DT F1)and Haidong Black-headed sheep(hybrid breeding generation),thereby providing a theoretical foundation for new breeding sheep in high-altitude regions.Twenty male 12-month-old sheep were selected from each group for blood sample collection to assess hematological parameters.Six sheep were randomly selected from each group,weighed,and then subjected to slaughter experiment to determine the heart and lung coefficients and their morphological characteristics.Subsequently,transcriptome analysis was performed to compare gene expression patterns in lung tissues among the three groups.The results showed that the red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration of DT F1 were significantly lower than those of Tibetan sheep(P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in all hematological parameters between Haidong Black-headed sheep and Ti-betan sheep(P＞0.05).No significant difference was observed in heart weight among the three groups(P＞0.05).No sig-nificant difference was also observed in tissue morphology among the groups(P＞0.05).However,compared to Tibetan sheep,DT F1 exhibited significant reduced in alveolar area and increased in alveolar wall thickness(P＜0.05).The alveo-lar area of Haidong Black-headed sheep showed a significant increase(P＜0.05),and alveolar wall thickness showed a significant reduced compared with that of DT F1(P＜0.05).Transcriptome analysis of lung tissues revealed 474 differen-tially expressed genes between DT F,and Tibetan sheep,and 1 752 differentially expressed genes between Haidong Black-headed sheep and DT F1.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that genes upregulated in DT F,(compared to Tibetan and Haidong Black-headed sheep)were associated with pathways such as angiogenesis and tissue fibrosis,whereas the specifically downregulated genes were enriched in immune response and stress response pathways.In con-clusion,the lung tissue development and function of DT F1 exhibited certain deficiencies,whereas the Haidong Black-headed sheep integrates the hypoxic adaptability of Tibetan sheep and the superior production performance of Dorper sheep.