钾肥种类及配比对菊芋块茎产量、品质及植株生理特性的影响OA

This study was conducted to investigate the effects and mechanisms of different potassium fertilizer types(KCl and K2SO4)and their application ratios on tuber yield,quality,plant growth and devel-opment,light/temperature characteristics,and underlying physiological mechanisms of Helianthus tuberosus,aiming to provide a scientific reference for potassium fertilization.Field experiments were con-ducted at the Science and Education Park of Henan Agricultural University,Yuanyang County,Henan Province,China during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons.In 2022,four treatments were established:KCl(T1),KCl∶K2SO4 5∶5(T2),KCl∶K2SO4 3∶7(T4),and K2SO4(T6).In 2023,two additional ratios,KCl∶K2SO4 4∶6(T3)and KCl∶K2SO4 2∶8(T5),were added to the design.At maturity,tuber yield and quality indices—including total sugar,reducing sugar,inulin,soluble sugar,and soluble protein—were measured.Throughout various growth stages,a series of above-ground physicochemical parameters were assessed,encompassing plant potassium accumulation,photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)within the canopy,leaf Soil and Plant Analyzer Development(SPAD)value,photosynthetic efficiency,canopy temperature,leaf anatomical structure,and antioxidant enzyme activities.The results indicated that both type and formulation of potassium fertilizer had significant effect on tuber yield.Yield increased with the proportion of K2SO4 in the fertilizer blend,reaching its maximum under sole K2SO4 application.Compared to KCl alone,tuber yield under sole K₂SO₄ application was increased yield by 31%and 92.57%in 2022 and 2023,respectively.In 2023,the application of K2SO4 increased total sugar,reducing sugar,inulin,soluble sugar,and soluble protein contents by 8.39%-26.21%,17.32%-98.05%,7.76%-21.15%,9.47%-44.19%,and 3.33%-19.26%,respectively.During both years,with increasing K2SO4 applica-tion,potassium accumulation in Helianthus tuberosus roots,stems,and leaves increased across all growth stages,peaking under sole K2SO4 application.Across all growth stages,increase in the K2SO4 application proportion enhanced A PA R,FPA R,leaf SPAD values,photosynthetic efficiency,and leaf thickness com-pared with that of KCL alone.The activities of SOD,POD,and CAT were highest under sole K₂SO₄application,whereas canopy temperature was lowest.This study demonstrated that K2SO4 application can significantly enhance tuber yield,quality,nutrient uptake efficiency,and physiological characteristics in Helian-thus tuberosus,making it a suitable potassium fertilizer choice for the production.