不同比例燕麦保护性播种对豆禾混播草地生产性能和根系构型的影响OA
Effects of Different Seeding Ratios of Oat as a Nurse Crop on Productivity and Root Architecture in Legume-Grass Mixtures
豆禾混播草地是栽培草地功能调控的理想组合模式,但其建植初期常面临产量低、杂草竞争激烈等问题.保护性播种作为一种有效抑制杂草生长的农艺种植策略,通常用于牧草建植当年,以提升栽培草地的质量与草群稳定性.本研究于2023-2024年在山东胶州开展两年田间试验,探究不同播种比例(2023年为0%、15%、30%、45%、60%,2024年为0%、10%、20%、30%、40%)的保护性作物燕麦对紫花苜蓿与苇状羊茅混播草地的生产性能和根系生长的影响,并设置同行混播与异行混播两种空间配置.结果表明:在2023年,异行混播15%燕麦处理的干草总产量达16.57 t/hm²,较对照提升22.30%;粗蛋白含量达21.79%,较对照提升约13.79%.在2024年,异行混播20%燕麦处理下群体干草年产量为18.40 t/hm²,较对照提升26.41%;粗蛋白含量提高至23.36%,较对照提升约20.60%;紫花苜蓿根系分形维数、根尖数、根连接数较对照处理分别提高了8.40%、5.70%、53.70%;苇状羊茅根系分形维数、根尖数、根连接数较对照处理分别提升3.80%、17.80%、49.50%.综上,异行混播15%～20%播种比例的燕麦作为保护性作物,能有效提高豆禾混播草地的牧草产量、饲用品质和根系结构发育.
Legume-grass mixtures are an ideal combination for functional regulation in sown pastures.However,the early establishment often faces challenges such as low yield and intense weed competition.As an effective agronomy strategy for weed suppression,nurse cropping is commonly used in the establishment year to enhance sown pasture quality and stand stability.In this research,a two-year field study(2023-2024)was conducted in Jiaozhou,Shandong,China,to investigate the effects of oats(Avena sativa)as a nurse crop at dif-ferent seeding ratios(0%,15%,30%,45%,and 60%in 2023;0%,10%,20%,30%,and 40%in 2024)on the grassland productivity and root growth of an alfalfa-tall fescue(Medicago sativa-Festuca arundinacea)mixture,under two row configurations(mixed within the same row vs.sown in separate alternating rows).The results showed that in 2023,the treatment with oats sown in alternating rows at a 15%ratio achieved a total dry hay yield of 16.57 t/hm2,which was 22.30%higher compared with the control(0%oats).The crude protein content reached 21.79%,representing an increase of approximately 13.79%compared with the control.In 2024,under the treatment with oats sown in alternating rows at a 20%ratio,the annual total dry hay yield reached 18.40 t/ha,representing a 26.41%increase compared to the control.The crude protein content rose to 23.36%,which was approximately 20.60%higher compared with the control.The fractal dimension,num-ber of root tips,and number of root links of alfalfa roots increased by 8.40%,5.70%,and 53.70%,respec-tively,compared with the control.For tall fescue,these root metics increased by 3.80%,17.80%,and 49.50%,respectively.In summary,using oats as a nurse crop at seeding ratios of 15%to 20%in alternating rows effectively enhanced forage yield,feed quality,and root architecture development of the legume-grass mixture.This research provides a theoretical basis for optimizing sown pasture establishment.
赵晓雨;石佳瑜;徐玉芳;杨国锋;杨超;林克剑;孙娟;苗福泓
青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109||黄河三角洲盐碱地农业研究所,山东 东营 257000青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109||黄河三角洲盐碱地农业研究所,山东 东营 257000青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109||黄河三角洲盐碱地农业研究所,山东 东营 257000中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109||黄河三角洲盐碱地农业研究所,山东 东营 257000青岛农业大学草业学院,山东 青岛 266109||山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室,山东 青岛 266109||黄河三角洲盐碱地农业研究所,山东 东营 257000
农业科技
保护性播种混播草地牧草产量营养价值根系构型
Nurse croppingLegume-grass mixtureForage yieldNutritive valueRoot architecture
《中国草地学报》 2026 (1)
37-48,12
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300800)国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34)山东省牧草产业技术体系(SDAIT-23)山东省重点研发计划项目(2025CXPT149)
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