青藏高原典型区1970-2025年切沟发育特征及其影响因素OA

[Objective]To clarify the long-term development characteristics of gullies and explore the significant influencing factors of gully erosion,thereby providing a theoretical reference for soil and water conservation on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau under the background of climate change.[Methods]Based on high-resolution remote sensing images of 1970 and 2025,this study extracted the morphological parameters and development rates of stable gullies,developing gullies,and newly formed gullies on the alluvial-proluvial fans at the southeastern foothill of the western Nyainqêntanglha Mountains.Spearman correlation analysis was employed to identify the significant influencing factors of the development rates of developing gullies and the morphological characteristics of newly formed gullies.[Results]In 2025,the average lengths of stable,developing,and newly formed gullies were 265.42,401.61,and 123.12 m,respectively,and the average areas were 12 350.93,7 517.52,and 1 055.36 m2,respectively.The average linear development rate of developing gullies was 2.35 m/a,and the average areal development rate was 21.24 m2/a.The linear development rate was significantly positively correlated with catchment area and near-surface air temperature(p<0.05).The areal development rate was significantly or highly significantly positively correlated with catchment area,elevation,and near-surface air temperature(p<0.01).The length of newly formed gullies was significantly positively correlated with catchment area and near-surface air temperature(p<0.01),and significantly negatively correlated with the maximum freezing depth of seasonal frozen ground(p<0.05).The area of newly formed gullies was highly significantly positively correlated with catchment area,annual precipitation,and rainy season precipitation(p<0.01),but highly significantly negatively correlated with the maximum freezing depth of seasonal frozen ground(p<0.01).[Conclusion]Gully development is primarily influenced by catchment area and elevation,while gully formation is jointly influenced by catchment area,annual precipitation,rainy season precipitation,annual average temperature,and freezing depth of frozen ground.Under the background of climate change and human activities,gullies on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau have significant development potential.