老年脑卒中病人口腔衰弱变化轨迹及影响因素OA

Objective:To investigate the changing trajectory of oral frailty in elderly stroke patients and its associated influencing factors,and to provide reference for targeted clinical interventions.Methods:A convenience sample of 300 elderly stroke patients admitted to the neurology department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Shandong province were enrolled in this study.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire and standardized assessment tools,including the Oral Frailty Index-8(OFI-8),the Oral Health Assessment Tool(OHAT),the Geriatric Self-Efficacy in Oral Health Scale(GSEOH),and the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS).Oral frailty levels were evaluated based on these instruments.Results:The changing trajectory of oral frailty in elderly stroke patients was categorized into two distinct patterns:a high-level slow increase group(49.7%)and a low-level slow increase group(50.3%).Logistic regression analysis revealed that age,smoking history,prior cerebral infarction,number of remaining teeth,subjective chewing difficulty,oral health status,and perceived social support were significant predictors of oral frailty(all P<0.05).The decision tree model identified four key clinical variables:wearing dentures,oral health status,subjective masticatory difficulty,and prior cerebral infarction.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the decision tree and Logistic regression models were 0.939 and 0.943,respectively,indicating strong predictive performance.Conclusions:Oral frailty in elderly stroke patients generally progresses gradually over time,with notable heterogeneity among subgroups.Both the decision tree and logistic regression models demonstrate considerable predictive accuracy.Healthcare professionals can develop intervention plans based on these two models to achieve early identification of oral frailty and precise care.