气候-植被-水文耦合机制研究的进展和展望OA

The interactions among climate,vegetation,and hydrology are intricate and complex.A deep under-standing of the coupling mechanisms among these three elements is a key scientific issue for studying changes and mechanisms in terrestrial surface systems.Using bibliometric analysis,knowledge mapping,and compre-hensive introduction,this study systematically reviewed 10 298 selected relevant articles(1990-2024),summa-rized the main findings and progress on the impacts of climate change on vegetation and hydrology processes,along with the coupling relationships among them,and highlighted key scientific issues and future research direc-tions.It aimed to provide insights for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of climate-vegetation-hydrology interactions and promote regional sustainable development.The results show that vegetation's response to climate change depends on regional hydrothermal conditions,exhibiting spatial heterogeneity and time-lag characteristics.Extreme climate events and their compound occurrences exacerbate the nonlinear impacts of these responses and alter the ecological functions of vegetation itself.Climate change significantly affects the hydrological cycle by regulating precipitation and evaporation,thereby increasing the frequency of extreme runoff,drought,and flood events,with rapid transitions between droughts and floods being particu-larly typical.There is a significant bidirectional coupling relationship between vegetation and hydrological pro-cesses,jointly regulating watershed water balance and ecosystem productivity.Future research should focus on developing high-precision integrated climate-vegetation-hydrology coupling models.This will enhance the understanding of system responses and resilience characteristics under extreme events while incorporating human activity factors.Such efforts will promote coordinated management of the human-environment system,achieving a balance between ecological protection and sustainable water resource utilization.