养老机构老年人认知功能与衰弱水平的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究OA

Objective To identify the latent class characteristics of cognitive function and frailty among institutionalized older adults and to examine associated influencing factors.Methods A stratified random sample of 452 residents from a nursing home in Guang-zhou was surveyed from September to December 2022.Instruments included a General Information Questionnaire,the Montreal Cogni-tive Assessment(MoCA),the Activities of Daily Living(ADL)Scale,the Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA),and the Geriatric Depres-sion Scale(GDS).Latent profile analysis was conducted to classify patterns of cognitive function and frailty,and multinomial logistic regression was used to explore predictors of class membership.Results Five latent classes were identified:relatively healthy group(43.73%),cognitive-frailty dual impairment group(10.25%),isolated cognitive impairment group(20.63%),severe frailty with cognitive decline group(10.48%),and isolated frailty group(14.91%).Multinomial logistic regression revealed that age,ADL score,marital status,daytime mental energy,nutritional status,monthly income,exercise duration,and sex were significant predictors of class membership(P<0.05).Conclusion Cognitive function and frailty among institutionalized older adults show marked heterogeneity.This study reveals the inherent differences in group characteristics,providing reference for implementing personalized elderly care management.Tailored and individualized interventions should be developed according to the characteristics and risk factors of each latent class to delay the progression of cognitive decline and frailty.