Next-generation civil aircraft flight recording system:Smart,deployable,and emergency-enabledOA
Flight recording systems(FRS)are specialized electronic devices installed on aircraft to continuously record flight parameters,audio,video and data-link information throughout the flight.An FRS that contains a Flight Data Recorder(FDR),or a combination of an FDR and a Cockpit Voice Recorder(CVR),is commonly referred to as a“black box”.Civil aircraft FRS is vital in supporting the investigation of aviation accidents and incidents.However,traditional fixed recorders face critical limitations in extreme crash scenarios,such as pelagic environment,ocean currents,mountainous terrain,and muddy environments,which severely hinder timely data recovery.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future development of FRS.This review first traces the evolution of FRS from analog foil and magnetic tape-based devices to modern solid-state recorders,highlighting key technological advances in storage media,crash survivability,and system integration.Then,the limitations of traditional FRS in severe accidents are analyzed including long retrieval cycles,high costs,and other technical inadequacies.To address these limitations,next-generation FRS are being developed with smart,deployable,and equipped with emergency capabilities.These advanced systems incorporate autonomous separation mechanisms,parachute-assisted descent,airbag flotation,and real-time data transmission to ensure data preservation and improve search and rescue efficiency.Major aerospace manufacturers,including Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China,Ltd.(COMAC),Airbus,and Boeing,are actively pursuing full-attitude in-flight emergency separation technologies.Finally,the paper explores emerging trends in FRS technology,focusing on high-reliability,high-safety separation mechanisms,cloud-based recording systems,data security and usage,innovations in materials and structural design,and the harmonization of international standards.
Jianhong Sun;Zhixian Liu;Zhi Sun;Tianxiang Huang;Changyue Xu;Daren Zheng;Lin Shen;Zhigeng Fang;ShaoFan Zhu;Weijie Xia;Weiwei Li
Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Emergency Science&Technology,CAAC,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support,MIIT,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,ChinaKey Laboratory of Civil Aviation Emergency Science&Technology,CAAC,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,ChinaKey Laboratory of Civil Aviation Emergency Science&Technology,CAAC,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,ChinaKey Laboratory of Civil Aviation Emergency Science&Technology,CAAC,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,ChinaKey Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support,MIIT,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,ChinaKey Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support,MIIT,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,ChinaKey Laboratory of Civil Aviation Emergency Science&Technology,CAAC,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,ChinaCollege of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,ChinaCOMAC Beijing Aircraft Technology Research Institute,Beijing 102211,ChinaCollege of Electronic and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
航空航天
Flight recording systemCivil aircraftAviation safetyDeployable flight recorderEmergency separation
《Aerospace Traffic and Safety》 2025 (2)
P.47-63,17
supported by Shanghai Central Guidance Science and Technology Development Fund(Grant No.YDZX20233100004008)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.NS2024044).
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