花生机械脱壳损伤相关农艺指标筛选与QTL定位OA
Screening and QTL mapping for mechanical shelling damage related traits in peanut
为筛选影响花生机械脱壳质量的农艺性状和探索其遗传基础,本研究利用 63 个高世代品系,选取 3 个荚果或籽仁相关性状(出仁率、荚果破损压力和籽仁破损压力),分别与籽仁损伤率性状进行相关性分析.结果表明,仅籽仁破损压力与籽仁损伤率呈显著相关.此外,从上述高世代品系中筛选到 2 个籽仁损伤率低于 2.50%的品系材料D9和 E10.进一步针对籽仁破损压力性状,以品种花育 36 号和 6-13 配组衍生的包含 181 个家系的重组自交系(recombinant inbred line,RIL)群体为材料,采集了该RIL群体 2020-2023 年在山东烟台、威海、东营和青岛 4 个环境下的表型数据.结果表明,籽仁破损压力在 RIL 群体中均表现为连续分布和超亲遗传,广义遗传率为 0.88.利用前期构建的高密度遗传图谱,共定位到 8 个与籽仁破损压力相关加性QTL,表型贡献率范围为 6.04%～28.30%,其中2 个主效位点 qKCF7 和qKCF16.1 可在不同环境下表达,其增效等位基因均来自花育 36 号.共定位到 12 对相关上位性QTL,共涉及 24 个SNP标记区间,表型贡献率范围为 1.55%～4.01%.本研究结果为后续花生适宜机械脱壳相关性状遗传改良提供了重要靶点及材料支持.
To further identify agronomic traits influencing mechanical shelling quality in peanut and explore their genetic basis,this study evaluated 63 advanced-generation lines and focused on three pod-or kernel-related traits:shelling percentage,pod crushing force,and kernel crushing force.Correlation analysis revealed that only kernel crushing force was significantly associ-ated with the damaged kernel rate.Two lines(D9 and E10)with low damaged kernel rates(<2.50%)were identified.Additionally,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population of 181 individuals derived from a cross between cultivars Huayu 36 and 6-13 was used for QTL mapping of the kernel crushing force trait.Phenotypic data were collected from 2020 to 2023 across four locations:Yantai,Weihai,Dongying,and Qingdao.The trait exhibited continuous variation and transgressive segregation in the RIL popula-tion,with a broad-sense heritability of 0.88.Using a previously published high-density genetic map,eight additive QTLs associ-ated with kernel crushing force were identified,explaining 6.04%to 28.30%of the phenotypic variation.Among them,two major QTLs,qKCF7 and qKCF16.1,were stably expressed across multiple environments,with favorable alleles derived from Huayu 36.In addition,12 pairs of epistatic QTLs involving 24 SNP intervals were detected,explaining 1.55%to 4.01%of the phenotypic variation.These findings provide valuable genetic targets and germplasm resources for the future genetic improvement of traits related to mechanical shelling quality in peanut.
张胜忠;李国卫;戈立江;王菲菲;胡晓辉;苗华荣;李燕;钟文;陈静
山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100山东职业学院,山东 济南 250104山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100招远市农业技术推广中心,山东 烟台 265400山东省种子管理总站,山东 济南 250100山东省农业科学院,山东 济南 250100
花生机械脱壳籽仁破损压力数量性状位点定位
peanutmechanical shellingkernel crushing forcequantitative trait locusmapping
《作物学报》 2026 (2)
644-652,9
本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1202800),山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MC045)和山东省农业科学院重大科技成果培育工程项目(CXGC2025E02)资助.This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1202800),the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022MC045),and the Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Cultivation Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2025E02).
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