基于黏重土壤的菜心生产全程机械化技术研究OA

Full mechanized production is of great significance to the development of the vegetable industry.In response to the low mechanization level and poor adaptability to heavy clay soils in Guangdong's flowering Chinese cabbage production,a full mechanized planting experiment was conducted using the'Yutian No.3'variety.By integrating equipment such as pneumatic precision seeders,rotary tillers and ridgers and fully automatic transplanters,this study focused on validating the adaptability and operational performance of key machinery in the'tillage,sowing,transplanting and harvesting'processes.The results showed that in fully mechanized cultivation,the use of reverse-rotation rotary tillers combined with Beidou navigation for ridging could achieve a soil fragment size of ≤1.5 cm,formed well-structured ridges,and measured parameters(119.7 cm of ridge top width,151.4 cm of ridge base width,21.3 cm of furrow width,24.1 cm of ridge height)met the agronomic requirements for flowering Chinese cabbage cultivation.The 2BS-6 pneumatic roller-type precision plug seeder and the 2ZDJ-6 fully automatic multi-row pot seedling transplanter achieved operational efficiencies of 800.0 trays/h and 8 000.0 plants/h,respectively,which were 64 times and 12.8 times higher than manual modes,respectively,with a single-plant sowing rate was 99.17％and the transplanting survival rate of 97.67％.The mechanized mode reduced labor input by 14.9％per hectare and increased net income by 14.96％.However,the current mechanized harvesting process remained a challenge.This findings of this study provided a reference for the applicztion of full mechanized cultivation technology for flowering Chinese cabbage in open-field production on heavy clay soils in Guangdong province.