长江大保护战略下水文-水质-水生态协同监测研究进展与展望OA

In this study,we systematically reviewed technological innovations and applications of hy-drology-water quality-aquatic ecology synergistic monitoring in the Yangtze River basin and discussed fu-ture directions of development.Our aim was to provide theoretical and technical support for ecological protection and restoration of the Yangtze River basin.In terms of technological system development,we integrated a suite of advanced technologies that includes satellite remote sensing,the Internet of Things(IoT),in-situ observation,and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)surveys to construct a comprehensive"space-air-ground-water"stereoscopic observation network.This network spans the entire basin and en-compasses regional and river section gradients to ensure full coverage.Vertically,a collaborative frame-work has been established that features macro-level monitoring via space-based remote sensing,precise measurements by airborne UAVs,real-time data acquisition by ground-based IoT devices,and subsurface inspection utilizing underwater mobile units.Horizontally,a grid of fixed monitoring stations,mobile monitoring units,and emergency monitoring equipment have been implemented,effectively enhancing the ability to synergistically characterize hydrological dynamics,core water quality parameters,and aquat-ic ecosystem characteristics across different scales.In terms of implementing the comprehensive monitor-ing system,extensive efforts have been made to advance innovations in multi-source data fusion and mod-el coupling.We have proposed targeted data fusion approaches to integrate multi-dimensional information encompassing data on hydrology,water quality,biology and meteorology,forming an integrated"data-model-application"processing platform.By coupling theoretical models with empirical models,we have enhanced our capability to simulate complex river basin processes that improve scientific support for eco-system health assessment and early warning systems.Synergistic environmental monitoring provides cru-cial support for ecological protection in the Yangtze River basin.We have also identified core challenges to synergistic monitoring:data heterogeneity that lowers the efficiency of multi-source data collection,in-sufficient accuracy in cross-scale simulations that limit the analysis of key ecological processes,and lack of collaborative management mechanisms that reward rapid transformation of technological achievements into practical applications.In the future,we must overcome the limitations of intelligent sensing technolo-gy,establish a standardized framework for data collection,processing,and sharing,optimize cross-scale dynamic coupling models,and analyze response mechanisms of basin ecological resilience to global cli-mate change.These efforts will promote synergistic monitoring,integration of technologies and intelligent decision-making,thereby laying a solid scientific foundation for sustainable development in the Yangtze River basin.