微润灌下施用有机水溶肥对番茄生长的影响OA
Effects of Organic Water-Soluble Fertilizer Application on Tomato Growth Under Micro-Irrigation
在日光温室条件下,采用微润灌溉技术,研究不同类型的有机水溶肥在3种施肥浓度下对番茄生长、品质和水肥利用效率的影响.试验选取4种有机水溶肥:矿源黄腐酸钾(T1)、腐殖酸(T2)、甲壳素海藻精(T3)、起彩沃根(T4),每种肥料设置低(C1:150 kg/hm2)、中(C2:225 kg/hm2)、高(C3:300 kg/hm2)3个浓度,以未施肥处理(CK)为对照,测定番茄的生长指标、品质指标以及水肥利用效率,使用岭回归分析番茄生长指标和品质指标与产量之间的关系,并采用优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)进行综合评估.结果表明,相比对照处理不同浓度有机水溶肥的施用均促进了番茄的生长及品质,中浓度施肥下各项指标最优.中浓度处理下,番茄植株株高、茎粗、叶片面积和SPAD值较CK提高61.43%～99.33%、25.47%～44.03%、39.98%～52.39%和15.16%～23.06%,产量提高14.88%～39.65%,水分利用效率提高2.21%～39.29%;可溶性糖、番茄红素、维生素C含量分别增加8.17%～21.76%、38.17%～84.47%和106.05%～160.93%.各处理偏肥生产率均随施肥浓度的增加呈下降趋势.岭回归分析表明,茎粗和叶面积对番茄产量的正向关联最显著,而番茄红素含量与产量存在显著负向关联.不同肥料类型和施用浓度对番茄生长及品质的影响存在显著差异,综合评价显示,T4C2处理在TOPSIS法(0.828)评估下均居首位,在品质、产量和资源利用效率方面均表现最佳,可作为优化番茄水肥管理的优选方案.
Under solar greenhouse conditions,this study investigated the effects of different types of organic water-soluble fertilizers at three application concentrations on tomato growth,fruit quality,and water-fertilizer use efficiency,using micro-irrigation technology.Four types of organic water-soluble fertilizers were evaluated:mineral-source potassium fulvic acid(T1),humic acid(T2),chitosan seaweed extract(T3),and Qicai Wogen(T4),each applied at low(C1:150 kg/hm²),medium(C2:225 kg/hm²),and high(C3:300 kg/hm²)concentrations.An unfertilized treatment(CK)was used as the control.Growth parameters,quality indicators,and water-fertilizer use efficiency were measured.Ridge regression analysis was performed to assess the relationships between growth and quality indicators and tomato yield,while comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)method.The results showed that all levels of organic water-soluble fertilizer application promoted tomato growth and improved fruit quality compared with the control,with medium concentration treatments producing the most favorable outcomes.Under medium concentration treatments,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,and SPAD values increased by 61.43%～99.33%、25.47%～44.03%、39.98%～52.39%and 15.16%～23.06%,respectively,compared with CK.Yield increased by 14.88%～39.65%,water use efficiency increased by 2.21%～39.29%,while soluble sugar,lycopene,and vitamin C contents increased by 8.17%～21.76%、38.17%～84.47%and 106.05%～160.93%,respectively.The partial factor productivity of fertilizer in each treatment showed a decreasing trend with the increase in fertilization concentration.Ridge regression analysis indicated that stem diameter and leaf area had the strongest positive correlations with yield,whereas lycopene content showed a significant negative association.Significant differences were observed among fertilizer types and application concentrations in their effects on tomato growth and quality.The comprehensive evaluation revealed that the T4C2 treatment ranked highest in the TOPSIS analysis(score:0.828),demonstrating superior performance in terms of fruit quality,yield,and resource use efficiency,and can be recommended as an optimal strategy for improving tomato water and fertilizer management.
侯嘉羿;申丽霞;刘凯华;耿国强
太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西 太原 030024太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西 太原 030024太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西 太原 030024太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西 太原 030024
农业科技
微润灌溉有机水溶肥种类番茄品质水肥利用效率岭回归分析施肥浓度
micro-irrigationtypes of organic water-soluble fertilizertomato qualitywater and fertilizer use efficiencyridge regression analysisfertilization concentration
《节水灌溉》 2026 (1)
31-40,10
山西省重点研发计划项目(202302140601009)山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(2025CYJSTX18).
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