稻鳖种养模式中华鳖体成分与氨基酸组成分析OA

In orderto promote the popularization and application of the ecological rice-turtle integrated farming model,this study took Chinese soft-shelled turtles(Pelodiscus sinensis)with an initial body weight of(410.56±10.95)g as the research object.Two groups were established:the control group under pond farming[stocking density of 500 individuals per 667 m2]and the experimental group under rice-turtle integrated farming[stocking density of 100 individuals per 667 m2],with 3 replicates in each group.All turtles were fed commercial feed and managed in accordance with the"four fixed principles"(fixed time,fixed quantity,fixed quality,and fixed location)for a breeding cycle of 84 days.Samples were collected in July and September 2024,respectively,to systematically analyze the body composition,texture parameters,and amino acid composition of the muscle and calipash of Chinese soft-shelled turtles.The results showed that:(1)In terms of body composition,the rice-turtle integrated farming model significantly reduced the muscle fat content of Chinese soft-shelled turtles by 20.54％in July and 25.15％in September compared with the pond farming model.The protein content in both muscle and calipash was slightly higher than that in the pond farming group,and the protein and fat contents in both models showed a significant increasing trend with the extension of breeding time.(2)Regarding texture characteristics,the muscle hardness,adhesiveness,and chewiness of turtles in the rice-turtle group were significantly superior to those in the pond group.In July,these parameters were 16.96％,35.42％,and 30.97％higher,respectively.In September,they were 7.52％,39.54％,and 45.11％higher,respectively.Moreover,the aforementioned texture indicators in both models increased significantly with prolonged breeding time.(3)For amino acid composition,lysine(Lys)was the most abundant essential amino acid,and glutamic acid(Glu)was the most abundant non-essential amino acid in the muscle of turtles under both farming models.The contents of these relevant amino acids in the rice-turtle group were mostly higher than those in the pond group.In September,the total contents of total amino acids(TAA),delicious amino acids(DAA),and medicinal amino acids(MAA)in the muscle of the rice-turtle group were significantly higher than those in the pond group,with TAA increasing by 13.39％compared with the pond farming model.(4)Nutritional evaluation indicated that the ratios of essential amino acids to total amino acids(EAA/TAA)and essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids(EAA/NEAA)in the muscle of Chinese soft-shelled turtles under both models ranged from 42.27％to 44.42％and 73.21％to 79.91％,respectively,both exceeding the FAO/WHO recommended standards for ideal protein(40％and 60％).The first limiting amino acid in both groups was methionine+cysteine(Met+Cys).Additionally,the amino acid score(AAS),chemical score(CS),and essential amino acid index(EAAI)of turtles in the rice-turtle group were all superior to those in the pond group.In conclusion,the rice-turtle integrated farming model can significantly improve the muscle quality of Chinese soft-shelled turtles by reducing fat content and enhancing amino acid nutritional value,making it an innovative ecological farming model for the efficient production of high-quality protein.