断裂控制型地热流体成因机制研究进展OA

The characteristics of fracture-controlled geothermal resources are dominated by the channeling effect and heat-controlling role of deep-seated fault zones,involving complex deep fluid circulation and water-rock interaction processes.Research progress on the genetic mechanisms of fault-controlled geothermal fluids is reviewed based on recharge sources,circulation pathways,and geothermal reservoir characteristics of hydrothermal systems.Regarding the identification of recharge sources,the applications and limitations of isotope tracing technologies(e.g.,hydrogen,oxygen,carbon,and noble gases)for identifying fluid recharge endmembers and discriminating sources are systematically reviewed.In terms of circulation pathways,hydrochemical diagrams and ion ratios are employed to investigate water-rock interactions,cation exchange,and mixing processes,thereby revealing dominant interaction processes and fluid migration patterns in fracture-controlled geothermal resources.For reservoir evaluation,the applicability of hydrochemical geothermometers,multi-mineral equilibrium approaches,the silica-enthalpy mixing model,and machine learning methods for estimating reservoir temperatures and circulation depths is compared and analyzed,clarifying error sources and correction approaches for different methods.Currently,research on the genetic mechanisms of fault-controlled geothermal fluids faces challenges such as multi-solutionality,insufficient quantitative characterization of complex water-rock interactions,and limited accuracy in estimating geothermal reservoir parameters.In the future,developing integrated multi-isotope tracing techniques,advancing multi-process coupled numerical simulation methods,and constructing interpretable machine learning models will provide key theoretical and technical support for precise characterization of the coupled"source-pathway-reservoir"evolution mechanism and the sustainable development of fracture-controlled geothermal resources.