埋深对广西不同稻区水稻秸秆养分释放特征的影响OA
Impact of Burial Depth on Nutrient Release Characteristics of Rice Straw in Different Rice-growing Regions of Guangxi
[目的]探明埋深对广西不同稻区水稻秸秆养分释放特征的影响,确定适宜该地区的最佳秸秆还田深度,为秸秆资源的高效利用、秸秆还田技术优化及农业生态系统的可持续养分管理提供科学依据.[方法]以水稻秸秆为研究对象,采用田间腐解试验方法,研究 3个埋深(0～5 cm、5～10 cm、10～20 cm)处理对广西 5个稻区(上思、横州、宾阳、宜州、柳城)水稻秸秆养分释放特征的影响.[结果]桂西南至桂中的上思、横州、宾阳稻区水稻秸秆的碳、氮、磷、钾释放率随秸秆埋深增加而下降,均以 0～5 cm埋深处理最高,较 10～20 cm埋深处理分别显著提高 2.4%～7.7%、4.7%～7.9%、3.7%～4.5%、4.0%～7.5%.桂中北的宜州稻区水稻秸秆碳、磷、钾释放率均以 0～5 cm埋深处理最高,氮释放率以 5～10 cm埋深处理最高.桂北的柳城稻区水稻秸秆碳、氮、磷、钾释放率以 10～20 cm埋深处理最高,分别较 0～5 cm埋深处理显著增加 3.6%、3.5%、4.2%、3.2%.整体上,随纬度增加,由桂西南至桂北的 5个稻区 0～20 cm埋深处理秸秆碳、氮、磷、钾释放率依次降低,均以上思最高,分别为 78.4%、82.6%、80.8%、80.5%.[结论]广西不同稻区水稻秸秆养分释放特征存在明显的区域差异,主要受气候与土壤条件影响.具体表现为桂西南、桂中及桂中北稻区的秸秆养分释放效率整体随埋深增加呈降低趋势,0～5 cm埋深处理最有利于秸秆养分释放;桂北稻区(柳城)因广泛分布喀斯特地貌、土壤pH偏高,秸秆养分释放规律表现出独特性,10～20 cm埋深处理最有利于秸秆的腐解与养分释放.
[Objective]The effect of burial depth on nutrient release characteristics of rice straw in major rice-growing regions of Guangxi,China was investigated to determine the optimal straw turnover depth and provide the scientific basis for efficient utilization of straw resources,optimization of straw turnover technique and sustainable nutrient management in agricultural ecosystems.[Method]The effect of three burial depth treatments(0-5 cm,5-10 cm and 10-20 cm)on nutrient release characteristics of rice straw was analyzed by a field decomposition experiment in five rice-growing regions of Guangxi(Shangsi,Hengzhou,Binyang,Yizhou,and Liucheng).[Result]The release rate of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from rice straw in Shangsi,Hengzhou,and Binyang rice-growing regions decreased with increase of burial depth.The release rate of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from rice straw with 0-5 cm burial depth was 2.4%-7.7%,4.7%-7.9%,3.7%-4.5%and 4.0%-7.5%higher than that rice straw with 10-20 cm burial depth respectively.The release rate of carbon,phosphorus and potassium from rice straw with 0-5 cm burial depth in Yizhou rice-growing region was the highest and the nitrogen release rate of rice straw with 5-10 cm burial depth was the highest.The release rate of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from rice straw with 10-20 cm burial depth was the highest in Liucheng rice-growing region,and 3.6%,3.5%,4.2%and 3.2%higher than that of rice straw with 0-5 cm burial depth respectively.The release rate of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from rice straw with 0-20 cm burial depth successively decreased from Southwest Guangxi to Northern Guangxi with increase of latitude on the whole.The release rate of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium from rice straw with 0-20 cm burial depth in Shangsi was 78.4%,82.6%,80.8%and 80.5%.[Conclusion]There is a significant regional difference in nutrient release characteristics of rice straw among different rice-growing regions of Guangxi and the nutrient release characteristics of rice straw is mainly affected by climate and soil conditions.The nutrient release of rice straw in Southwestern,Central,and North-Central Guangxi rice-growing regions shows a decreasing trend with increase of burial depth,and the 0-5 cm burial depth treatment is beneficial to nutrient release of rice straw.The nutrient release rule of rice straw in Northern Guangxi(Liucheng)is of uniqueness due to its karst topography and relatively high soil pH,and 10-20 cm burial depth treatment is beneficial to decomposition and nutrient release of rice straw.
苏莹莹;黎晓峰;谢志凤;王妙玲;刘文奇;杨钙仁
广西大学 农学院,广西 南宁 530004广西壮族自治区农业生态与资源保护站,广西 南宁 530022广西大学 农学院,广西 南宁 530004广西大学 林学院/广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004广西大学 林学院/广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004广西壮族自治区农业生态与资源保护站,广西 南宁 530022
农业科技
水稻埋深秸秆腐解养分释放孔隙度微生物活性碳氮循环广西
riceburial depthstraw decompositionnutrient releaseporositymicrobial activitycarbon-nitrogen cycleGuangxi
《贵州农业科学》 2026 (1)
30-37,8
2024年广西农业科技自筹经费项目(Z2024123)广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22080103)广西农业生态与资源保护站监测项目(202201340)
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