中国北方风沙区典型植物适生区模拟与水资源植被承载力量化OA

The aims of this study were to perform a quantitative analysis of the distribution patterns of suitable habitats for typical sand-fixing plants in the wind-sand region of northern China and the characteristics of vegeta-tion carrying capacity under water resource constraints,to determine the reasonable threshold of planting density,and provide a scientific basis for precise desertification prevention and control.Haloxylon ammodendron and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica were selected as the research objects.We integrated the MaxEnt model with the classical soil-water carrying capacity model for vegetation.By combining soil moisture data from 2008 to 2018 with climate,soil,and topography data,we analyzed the suitable habitats of the two plants and the dominant envi-ronmental factors affecting these habitat,and then calculated the maximum carrying capacity of vegetation based on regional water balance.The results showed that:(1)Suitable habitats for H.ammodendron,which occupy ap-proximately 19%of the total study area,are concentrated in the desert grassland.The distribution of H.ammoden-dron is primarily governed by the precipitation in the coldest quarter and the mean annual temperature.Suitable habitats for P.sylvestris cover 48%of the total study area,with the eastern Horqin Sandy Land and typical steppe zone comprising the core area,and are limited by extreme precipitation in summer and winter,as well as soil root-ing conditions.(2)The water-carrying capacity exhibits significant spatial variation:the carrying capacity of H.ammodendron is greater than 10.0×104 trees·km-2 in the desert grassland west of the Yin Mountains,but less than 7.0×104 trees·km-2 in areas such as the western Horqin Sandy Land and the piedmont plain south of the Da Hing-gan Mountains.(3)A zoned planting scheme is proposed:the recommended plant spacing for H.ammodendron in the desert steppe zone is 1.5 m×2.0 m;a spacing of 6.5 m×9.5 m is appropriate for P.sylvestris in the typical steppe zone;however,in restricted areas such as the Horqin Sandy Land,the spacing for P.sylvestris should be re-duced to 10.5 m×15.0 m,which shows small deviation from practical applications.This research provides quanti-tative data to support the ecological restoration in the wind-sand region of northern China in accordance with the principles of"determining greening based on water availability"and"matching species to site conditions".Fu-ture research should focus on interspecific water competition mechanisms in mixed plantations.