英国两党制的范式危机与秩序重构OA

The UK's political landscape continues to change following Brexit,with the 2024 general election and 2025 local elections accelerating this transformation.The traditional two-party system has fragmented as more than half of the constituencies now feature multi-party competition.Weakening party loyalty and the decline of class-based voting contributed to a record-low voter turnout while the combined vote share of the Conservatives and Labour fell to an all-time low.Political divisions are increasingly defined by values and identity,with age and education now serving as key fault lines.The first-past-the-post electoral system amplified these shifts:Labour's so-called"landslide victory"—winning 63％of seats on just 34％of the vote—appeared to affirm the stability of a two-party system,but actually obscured a fragmented reality reflected in a multi-party vote share.This undermined electoral accountability and fueled protest voting.In this context,the right-wing populist Reform UK broke through in the 2025 local elections,challenging the longstanding dominance of the two main parties.Though Reform UK still holds fewer council seats overall,the outcome marked a historic rupture in the two-party monopoly over local politics.Together,these results signal a movement toward a more multipolar UK polity,calling into question the durability of the Conservative-Labour alternation and heralding a period of greater political unpredictability.