C3小麦C4工程化研究进展OA

The global food supply is currently facing severe challenges including water scarcity,arable land reduction,and continuous popula-tion growth.Genetic engineering has emerged as a revolutionary approach to enhance crop yields.Engineering C3 wheat to achieve C4 photosyn-thesis,with the goal of significantly increasing productivity,has become a key research focus in this field.Although researchers have successfully developed"C4-like wheat",a fully functional C4-type Kranz anatomy has not yet been achieved.Further exploration is needed regarding the vascular development and cellular patterning mechanisms in C4 crops.Advances in mutant screening strategies and comparative genomic data mining are progressively deepening our understanding of the genetic basis underlying C4 anatomical formation.This review summarizes the mo-lecular mechanisms of C4 photosynthetic pathways and outlines engineering strategies for converting C3 wheat to C4 photosynthesis,along with current challenges and future directions,in order to provide valuable references for achieving C4 engineering in wheat and offer solutions to en-sure global food security.