粪菌移植对肉鸡肠炎的抗炎作用及肠道健康调控研究OA

To investigate the regulatory effects of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)on intestinal inflammation,barrier function,and microbial homeostasis in broilers,160 healthy 1-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were selected and raised until 19 days of age.They were randomly divided into four groups:saline control group(CT),intestinal inflammation model group(CD),low-dose FMT group(DFL),and high-dose FMT group(DFH),with 40 chickens per group,over a 46-day experimental period.Body weight,average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were statistically analyzed across groups.Serum biochemical parameters were measured by ELISA,while jejunal tight junction proteins and TLR4/NF-κB pathway gene expression were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Histopathological evaluation was performed to assess intestinal structural changes and pathological damage.Metagenomic sequencing was employed to characterize microbial diversity.The results showed that:1)FMT significantly alleviated growth inhibition in enteritis broilers.Compared to the CD group,both the DFL and DFH groups exhibited significantly higher body weights at 39 and 46 days of age and elevated the average daily gain(ADG)from days 32 to 46(P＜0.05).2)FMT suppressed intestinal inflammation and restored barrier function.After FMT intervention,compared with the CD group,the levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α in the DFL group and DFH group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In the DFL group,jejunal villus height increased(P＜0.05),crypt depth decreased(P＜0.05).In the DFH group,tight junction proteins Claudin-1 and ZO-1 gene expression were upregulated(P＜0.05),and TLR4/NF-κB pathway gene expression was inhibited(P＜0.05)in the DFL group.3)FMT reshaped microbial homeostasis.Metagenomic analysis showed that the cecal microbial ACE index of the DFL and DFH group was significantly improved compared with the CD group(P＜0.05).Anosim analysis demonstrated significant separation between FMT and CD microbial communities(R=0.326 8,P＜0.05).In conclusion,FMT may alleviate the impacts enteritis on broilers through multi-target regulation,including modulating the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway,restoring the intestinal barrier,and remodeling microbiota homeostasis.This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of FMT in poultry production and for an alternative to antibiotics in treating enteritis broilers.