中西比较视野中多物种民族志知识的建构研究OA

Multi-species ethnography,as a significant methodological innovation in contemporary anthropology,arose in the context of global ecological crises and epistemic reflection,aiming to redefine the relationship between hu-mans and non-humans,nature and culture.Rooted in new materialism,it develops along three axes:posthumanism,agen-tial realism,and object-oriented ontology.The first axis expands human potential by dissolving boundaries between hu-mans and objects;the second emphasizes the mutual constitution of humans and objects within dynamic ecological net-works;and the third achieves ontological equality among all beings through an extreme de-anthropocentric ontological per-spective.This theoretical progression reflects anthropology's shift from subject-centered epistemology to relational ontol-ogy,offering a novel epistemic framework for understanding multi-species symbiosis.Multi-species research in both Chi-nese and Western contexts shares commonalities of contemporaneity,applied orientation,and reflexivity;yet owing to dif-ferences in historical background,theoretical system,and institutional arrangements,the two have followed different tra-jectories.Western research tends to be driven by classificatory logic and theoretical reconstruction,emphasizing non-hu-man agency and the decentralization of epistemic systems.Chinese research,grounded in traditions of holistic cognition and ethical dimensions,stresses symbiotic practices and value generation between humans and nature.These divergences are complementary and jointly propel multi-species ethnography from ecological care toward the co-production of knowl-edge.