三峡库区库岸坡面-消落带植物群落组成及分布特征OACHSSCD
Plant community composition and distribution characteristics on the bank slope and drawdown zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir
库岸坡面和消落带是空间上连续的地理单元,将库岸坡面-消落带作为一个整体,研究其植被群落多样性及分布特征,有助于优化库区消落带植被恢复模式以提高生态系统的整体稳定性.选取了三峡库区上、中、下游三个样点(重庆巴南、重庆忠县、宜昌秭归),调查和分析了消落带低(145-155 m、E1 区)、中(155-165 m、E2 区)、高(165-175 m、E3 区)海拔及库岸坡面(175 m以上、E4 区)等不同海拔段上植物群落组成及分布.结果表明:(1)调查区域内发现植物 178 种,隶属 55 科 133 属,一年生和多年生植物较多,菊科和禾本科物种数量最为丰富;(2)狗牙根、牛筋草、苍耳、香附子等为库岸坡面-消落带的优势植物,不同海拔段下优势植物种类有所不同;(3)植物群落α多样性指数均随海拔的升高呈上升的趋势,β多样性表现为E1 区与E4区植物群落差异显著较大、E2 区与E3 区差异不大;(4)狗牙根+小蓬草+大狼耙草+香附子群落、苍耳+喜旱莲子草+狗牙根群落、牛筋草+芦苇+小蓬草群落、番薯+大豆群落是库岸坡面-消落带的优势群落,分别主要分布在消落带的低、中、高海拔和库岸坡面;(5)土壤含水量和总氮含量是影响研究区域植物群落分布的最主要因素,土壤总磷含量、气温和淹水时间也具有显著影响.该研究结果可为三峡库区库岸坡面-消落带生态修复植物的筛选以及物种多样性的提高提供科学参考.
The bank slope and drawdown zone represent continuous geographical units in spatial terms.Analyzing the diversity and distribution characteristics of plant communities within the shoreline-drawdown zone can inform the optimization of vegetation restoration models in reservoir areas,thereby contributing to enhanced ecosystem stability.This study identified three sampling sites located in the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the Three Gorges Reservoir:Banan District in Chongqing,Zhongxian County in Chongqing,and Zigui County in Yichang.The research focused on examining and analyzing the composition and distribution of plant communities across various elevation levels:145-155 m(Zone E1),155-165 m(Zone E2),165-175 m(Zone E3),and above 175 m(Zone E4,shoreline).The study yielded the following findings:(1)A total of 178 plant species were identified,representing 55 families and 133 genera,with a predominance of annual and perennial plants.The families Asteraceae and Poaceae exhibited the highest species richness.(2)In the shoreline-drawdown zone,dominant plant species included Cynodon dactylon,Eleusine indica,Xanthium strumarium,and Cyperus rotundus,with variations in dominance observed across different elevation levels.(3)The α diversity indices of the plant communities exhibited an increasing trend with elevation,whereas the β diversity index revealed significant differences in plant communities between Zone E1 and Zone E4,yet no significant differences were observed between Zone E2 and Zone E3.(4)The predominant plant communities within the shoreline-drawdown zone were characterized by the following associations:Ass.Cynodon dactylon+Erigeron canadensis+Bidens frondosa+Cyperus rotundus,Ass.Xanthium strumarium+Alternanthera philoxeroides+Cynodon dactylon,Ass.Eleusine indica+Phragmites australis+Erigeron canadensis,Ass.Ipomoea batatas+Glycine max.These four communitiess were primarily distributed in the Zone E1,E2,E3 and E4,respectively.(5)Soil moisture content and flooding duration were identified as the primary factors influencing the distribution of plant communities,while total nitrogen and total phosphorus levels in the soil also exerted significant effects.The results of this study offer valuable scientific insights for the selection of plants suitable for ecological restoration and for promoting species diversity within the shoreline-drawdown zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
邹皙骋;魏振康;王天巍;何欢;黄桂云;吴笛;伍玉鹏;胡荣桂;姜炎彬
华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070长江珍稀植物研究所三峡库区珍稀资源植物湖北省重点实验室,宜昌 443000长江珍稀植物研究所三峡库区珍稀资源植物湖北省重点实验室,宜昌 443000华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070
三峡水库消落带库岸坡面优势植物植物群落
Three Gorges Reservoirdrawdown zonebank slopedominant plantplant community
《生态学报》 2026 (1)
541-554,14
国家自然科学基金项目(U2240222)
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