基于路域生态指数的生态敏感区道路生态效应评估OA

Quantitatively evaluating the ecological effects of road construction in ecologically sensitive areas remains a central challenge in reconciling infrastructure development with ecological conservation.Existing studies on linear infrastructure remain limited in revealing the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of complex ecological effects and in their quantitative characterization.In this study,we proposed,for the first time,the Road Area Ecological Index(RAEI),founded on the conceptual framework of"key indicators+dynamic reference system."By integrating three core ecological dimensions-structure,quality,and function-and by innovatively introducing a dual-scale dynamic reference system comprising"historical conditions"(temporal evolution)and"minimal disturbance"(spatial baseline),we established a systematic framework for ecological effect assessment tailored to ecologically sensitive regions.Integrating road engineering records with multimodal remote sensing datasets,we applied the proposed framework to conduct a quantitative evaluation of ecological effects along the Tong-sai Expressway on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.The main findings were as follows:(1)The RAEI substantially enhanced the ability to comprehensively characterize linear road ecological effects by incorporating landscape metrics such as COHESION and SHDI(Shannon's Diversity Index),enabling quantification of the ecological mitigation effects associated with green road segments(areas with ecological engineering interventions)relative to traditional road segments;(2)Ecological effects demonstrated pronounced spatial differentiation across different road-affected zones.Within the 0-100 m core effect zone,green road segment 1 exhibited a positive effect value of 0.025,whereas green road segment 2 and the traditional road segment showed negative values of 0.084 and 0.074,respectively.In the 100-1000 m buffer zone,the negative ecological effect value of green road segment 2 remained consistently lower than that of the traditional road segment;(3)Spatial heterogeneity in ecological effects was evident across different areas.Green road segment 1,which had a fragile ecological background,showed a positive conservation effect after the implementation of techniques such as ecological slope protection and rapid vegetation restoration.In contrast,critical sensitive areas—such as shrub clusters and high-altitude zones within green road segment 2 and the traditional road segment—exhibited negative ecological effects,with values predominantly clustered around 0.08.These findings indicated a lagged response to vegetation restoration measures in alpine ecosystems.The multi-dimensional assessment framework proposed in this study provided a portable ecological risk assessment tool for road construction in ecologically sensitive areas,and provided important scientific support for road optimization construction,ecological protection and restoration,and regional high-quality development.