从"新文体"到"美文":中国现代散文的理论建构及生成OA

The theoretical construction and formation of modern Chinese prose underwent a complex evolution from the late Qing Dynasty to the May Fourth period.Figures such as Liang Qichao advocated for the"New Prose Style,"attempting to break away from the rigid prosody of classical Chinese by incorporating vernacular language and foreign expressions,while pursuing an aesthetic of simplicity and clarity.However,this movement had not yet established distinct stylistic features of modern prose.Liu Shipei emphasized the aesthetic and classical spirit of writing from the perspectives of"fine arts"(美术)and"literary essays"(论文),concepts that are closer to what would later be termed belles-lettres or essays.During the New Culture Movement,Hu Shi,in advocating for the"Literary Revolution,"also included prose within the scope of literary reform.Drawing on the clear and restrained language of the Tongcheng School and its theoretical emphasis on"meaning and method"(义法)in writing,he promoted the creation of a prose style that was"clear and intelligible."Although Liu Bannong and Fu Sinian discussed the literary nature of prose,they did not delve into its stylistic domain.It was not until Zhou Zuoren explicitly advocated the concept of"belles-lettres"(美文)that a clear stylistic definition of prose was established.Fu Tun'gen systematically elaborated on the relationship between belles-lettres and nature,as well as its creative methods,which truly facilitated the formation of modern prose.These collective theoretical efforts jointly propelled modern prose toward stylistic independence,opening up new possibilities for its development.