坚持全方位扩大内需与优化供给有机结合破解内需不足难题OA

Published in March 2025,Selected Readings of Xi Jinping on Economics(Volume I)is an authoritative work for deepening the study and understanding of Xi Jinping's economic thoughts.This paper systematically reviews the statements on expanding domestic demand in this volume and offers three main insights:First,Xi Jinping emphasizes taking the expansion of domestic demand as a strategic foundation,with a particular focus on consumption.The theoretical foundation lies in Marx's theory of social reproduction,which has been innovatively advanced under the conditions of an open economy.This framework stresses the dialectical unity of supply and demand,transcending the limitations of fragmented analysis that isolates the demand side from the supply side.Second,the current insufficiency of domestic demand in China is prominently reflected in weak consumption,which arises from both demand-side and supply-side factors.The low consumption rate is closely linked to the investment-driven growth model during the period of rapid economic expansion.While this model had an endogenous logic,it also had inherent limits.The coexistence of a low consumption rate and the decline of the investment-driven model has led to the present insufficiency of domestic demand.Third,expanding domestic demand and boos-ting consumption requires coordinated efforts from both the demand and supply sides.It is essential to integrate demand-side management with supply optimization.On the demand side,more proactive fiscal policies and moderately accommodative monetary policies should be implemented to compre-hensively expand demand,while avoiding excessive stimulus that could trigger disorderly supply expansion.On the supply side,the key lies in reducing ineffective and inefficient investment,thereby fostering effective supply.This requires minimizing inappropriate government intervention in resource al-location,allowing enterprises to play a leading role in industrial and technological innovation,stimulating entrepreneurial spirit,and enhancing firms'capacity to capture and guide demand shifts through innovation,thereby improving the alignment between supply and demand.