大型海藻碳汇:固碳机理、评估方法与环境因子影响OA

[Objective]The ocean,as the largest"active"carbon reservoir on the Earth,plays a critical role in global carbon cycling.Macroalgae contribute to this process through photosynthetic carbon fixation and the re-lease of dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and particulate organic carbon(POC)via physiological metabolism.Harnessing the carbon sequestration potential of macroalgae represents a vital pathway toward achieving the"carbon neutrality"goal.[Progress]This review comprehensively examines the mechanisms by which mac-roalgae enhance carbon sequestration,including the synthesis of biomass carbon through photosynthesis and the release of DOC and POC.The review summarizes methods for assessing"short-term carbon sinks"based on macroalgae cultivation yields,as well as techniques for evaluating"long-term carbon sinks",such as the C/N ra-tio,stable isotope analysis,spectral analysis,spectral analysis,multi-omics technologies,and relevant model construction,etc.Additionally,the review analyzes the impacts of key environmental factors including temper-ature,nutrient concentration,light intensity,salinity,and desiccation on the growth of macroalgae and their pho-tosynthetic carbon fixation efficiency.[Prospect]By providing a multi-faceted perspective on the carbon sink function,carbon sequestration mechanisms,assessment methods,and environmental factors influencing mac-roalgae,this review aims to deepen the understanding of their critical role in marine carbon sinks and to offer foundational insights and references for developing carbon sequestration and enhancement technologies.