基于叶脉仿生微结构设计的抛光工具性能研究OA

During the polishing process by small tools,material removal primarily relies on the friction between the free abrasive particles in the polishing solution and the workpiece surface under the combined action of the polishing tool and the external load,thereby achieving the removal of the processed surface layer.However,when the polishing tool operates at high speed,the abrasive particles often fail to distribute uniformly across the processing area,leading to uneven particle distribution in different regions and consequently affecting polishing quality and material removal efficiency.Traditional polishing tool surface microstructure designs are often relatively simple and unable to effectively address the issue of uneven abrasive particle distribution in the processing area,particularly at high speed,so this phenomenon becomes more pronounced.The work aims to employ biomimetic design to innovate the microstructure of polishing tools,so as to address the uneven distribution of abrasive particles during the polishing process and thereby enhance the surface processing quality of optical glass.Inspired by the material transport system of plant leaves,an iterative function system(IFS)was used to construct a biomimetic microstructure model of lotus leaf veins,which was then applied to the surface microstructure design of polyurethane polishing pads.The branching structure of lotus leaf veins exhibited unique self-similarity,with branch angles and lengths naturally optimized to minimize flow resistance and achieve efficient material transport.This structural characteristic was incorporated into the polishing tool design to enhance polishing uniformity by optimizing abrasive particle distribution.To validate the impact of lotus leaf vein-inspired microstructures on abrasive particle distribution in polishing solutions,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods were applied to compare and analyze the abrasive particle distribution behavior of four polishing tools with different microstructures in polishing solutions.Additionally,based on factors such as microstructure morphology,effective abrasive particle count,abrasive particle contact force,and abrasive particle movement trajectories,a material removal theoretical model was established and a fixed-point polishing contour was simulated through Matlab programming.The effects of three process parameters including normal load,spindle speed,and abrasive concentration on material removal depth were explored.To validate the accuracy of the theoretical model,K9 glass localized polishing experiments were conducted with three sets of different process parameters.Simulation results indicated that lotus leaf vein-inspired microstructures achieved slurry saturation concentration faster than other microstructures within a shorter timeframe and exhibited more uniform abrasive particle distribution within the processing area,significantly enhancing abrasive particle concentration and stability during the processing.The results of the material removal model analysis indicated that spindle speed had the greatest impact on material removal depth,followed by normal load,while abrasive concentration had the least impact on removal depth.Experimental results showed that lotus leaf vein-inspired microstructures not only effectively improved the uniformity of abrasive distribution but also significantly enhanced material removal efficiency.A comparison of simulation results with experimental data showed that the error range between theoretical predictions and measured data was between 5.9%and 11.2%,and surface roughness was significantly improved in experiments,with the optimal condition achieving a surface roughness of(0.052±0.004)μm.In summary,the lotus leaf vein-inspired microstructure not only effectively improves the distribution and transport properties of abrasive particles in the polishing solution but also significantly enhances polishing uniformity and surface quality.Additionally,the established material removal model demonstrates excellent predictive capability.