离体培养促进欧李×桃远缘杂交子房及胚发育OA
In vitro Culture Promotes the Development of Ovary and Embryo in the Distant Hybridization of Cerasus humilis × Prunus persica
以'洛早1号'欧李和毛桃、山桃、'中油1号'/毛桃、'早露蟠桃'/欧李、'早露蟠桃'/毛桃为试材,采用离体子房培养与离体授粉的方法,研究了不同培养基配方及培养条件对杂交子房发育及胚形成的影响,以期克服欧李与桃的杂交障碍、提高杂交效率,为远缘杂交提供参考依据.结果表明:欧李杂交子房离体培养的最适培养基为T12(即MS培养基+1.50 mg·L-1 6-BA+1.00 mg·L-1 TDZ+0.05 mg·L-1 NAA+0.10 mg·L-1 IBA),在此培养基上,子房褐化率低至24.26％,膨大率高达70.83％,膨大程度为3倍(评级"+++"),愈伤组织诱导率高达84.35％,增殖程度为2倍(评级"**");授粉后第6天是进行子房离体培养的最佳时机,此时培养的子房褐化率为26.81％,膨大率为76.39％,膨大程度为2倍(评级"++"),愈伤组织诱导率高达91.67％,增殖程度为3倍(评级"***");采用'早露蟠桃'花粉对去除柱头的欧李子房进行无菌离体授粉,子房发育良好,并成功观察到胚发育形成种子.综上,促进欧李×桃远缘杂交子房离体发育的最适培养基为T12,最佳离体培养起始时间为授粉后6 d.通过离体授粉技术,有效促进了杂交子房的发育,并证实了在该体系下胚形成及发育成种子的可能性,为克服欧李与桃远缘杂交障碍提供了有效技术途径.
Taking'Luozao 1'Cerasus humilis and A.persica,A.davidiana,'Zhongyou 1'/Maotao,'Zaolupantao'/Ouli,'Zaolupantao'/Maotao as experimental materials,in vitro ovary culture and in vitro pollination techniques were used to investigate the effects of different medium formulations and culture conditions on the development of hybrid ovaries and embryo formation,in order to overcome hybridization barriers and improve hybridization efficiency between Cerasus humilis and Prunus persica,and provide reference for distant hubridization.The results showed that the optimal medium for in vitro culture of Cerasus humilis hybrid ovaries was T12(MS medium+1.50 mg·L-1 6-BA+1.00 mg·L-1 TDZ+0.05 mg·L-1 NAA+0.10 mg·L-1 IBA).On this medium,the browning rate of the ovaries was as low as 24.26％,the swelling rate was as high as 70.83％,the swelling degree was 3 times(rated'+++'),the callus induction rate was as high as 84.35％,and the proliferation degree was 2 times(rated'**').The sixth day after pollination was the best time for in vitro ovary culture,at which time the browning rate of the ovaries was 26.81％,the swelling rate was 76.39％,the swelling degree was 2 times(rated'++'),the callus induction rate was as high as 91.67％,and the proliferation degree was 3 times(rated'***').Using the pollen of'Zaolu Pantao'for aseptic in vitro pollination of Cerasus humilis ovaries with the stigma removed,the ovaries developed well,and embryo development and seed formation were successfully observed.In conclusion,T12 medium was identified as optimal for promoting the in vitro development of distant hybrid ovaries derived from Cerasus humilis × Prunus persica,with 6 days after pollination being the most favorable initial culture time.Through in vitro pollination technology,the development of hybrid ovaries was effectively promoted,and the possibility of embryo formation and development into seeds under this system was confirmed,providing an effective technical approach to overcome the distant hybridization barriers between Cerasus humilis and Prunus persica.
王雨曼;李秀珍;李学强;陈苏丹;赵龙;周旭
河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳 471023河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳 471023河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳 471023河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳 471023河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳 471023洛阳理工学院生命科学与健康工程学院,河南洛阳 471023
农业科技
欧李桃远缘杂交子房离体培养胚形成
Cerasus humilisPrunus persicadistant hybridizationin vitro culture of ovaryembryo formation
《北方园艺》 2026 (1)
10-17,8
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52309050)河南省科技攻关资助项目(242102110293).
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