面向6G的无线物理层安全认证与密钥协商技术综述OA

As wireless mobile communication evolves toward the 6G,the massive connectivity of terminals for Internet-of-Everything and the trend of heterogeneous networking are driving an urgent demand for lightweight and low-overhead security solutions.Physical layer authentication and key agreement serve as key components in establishing wireless communication security,providing efficient pre-transmission protection:from the perspective of physical layer security,authentication first verifies the legitimacy of communicating entities,followed by key agreement to generate keys for encryption of user data.Physical layer authentication combines low latency with high reliability,making it suitable for resource-constrained smart scenarios,while physical layer key agreement leverages multi-dimensional features such as channel and device characteristics to generate keys,reducing dependence on complex cryptographic architectures.This paper first reviews the main research directions in physical layer authentication,including active schemes based on digital tag embedding and passive approaches based on channel or device features,explaining their basic principles,evolution,and performance metrics.It then introduces the fundamental concepts of physical layer key agreement,with a focus on efficient key generation schemes utilizing multi-dimensional feature extraction.Finally,in light of the lightweight security requirements in the 6G Internet of Everything context,the paper summarizes key challenges in physical layer authentication and key agreement and outlines future research directions and potential solutions.