辅助按压气吸式花生排种器设计与试验OA
Design and experiment of air-suction peanut seed metering device with auxiliary pressing mechanism
针对气吸式花生排种器在携种阶段因振动干扰掉种问题,设计一种带辅助按压机构的气吸式排种器.排种器主要由排种盘、清种刷、压杆盘、弹性压杆、轨道圈及气室端盖等组成.工作过程中可实现在携种阶段辅助压种,减少掉种.重点设计排种盘、按压机构等关键部件,计算确定部件的主要结构和工作参数.开展花生排种器性能试验,研究按压机构、排种盘吸孔直径、风机气压和排种盘转速对排种器排种性能的影响.试验结果表明,带辅助按压机构的气吸式排种器并不适用于长粒花生种子,但对球状型花生种子有很好的适应性,能够提高排种器携种的稳定性.吸孔直径、风机气压和排种盘转速对排种性能均有显著影响,影响合格率的主次因素排序依次为风机气压、吸孔直径和排种盘转速.经优化,风机气压为 5.9 kPa、吸孔直径为 6.3 mm、排种盘转速为 25 r/m时,排种合格率为 96.6%、漏播率为 3.0%、重播率为 0.4%,各项指标符合标准要求,并通过试验验证.
Aiming at the problem of seed loss caused by vibration interference during the seed carrying stage of the air-suction peanut seed dispenser,an air-suction peanut seed metering device with an auxiliary pressing mechanism was designed.The seed metering device mainly consists of a seeding disc,a cleaning brush,a pressing rod disc,an elastic pressing rod,a track ring,and an air chamber cover.During the working process,it is possible to assist in seed pressing during the seed carrying stage,reducing the rate of seed dropping.Key components such as the seeding tray and pressing mechanism were focused on design,and the main structural and working parameters of the components were calculated and determined.A performance test of peanut seed metering device was conducted on the seeder test bed,and the effects of the pressing mechanism,suction hole diameter of the seeder,negative pressure of the air chamber,and rotation speed of the seed metering device on the seeding performance were studied.The experimental results show that the air suction seed metering device with an auxiliary pressing mechanism is not suitable for long peanut seeds,but it has good adaptability to spherical peanut seeds and can improve the stability of the seeder in carrying seeds.The diameter of the suction hole,the negative pressure of the air chamber,and the speed of the seeding plate all have a significant impact on the seeding performance.The main and secondary factors that affect the qualification rate are ranked in order as the negative pressure of the fan,the diameter of the suction hole,and the speed of the seeding plate.After optimization,when the fan pressure is 5.9 kPa,the suction hole diameter is 6.3 mm,and the seeding disc speed is 25 r/min,the seeding qualification rate is 96.6%,the missed seeding rate is 3.0%,and the replay rate is 0.4%.All indicators meet the standard requirements and have been verified through tests.
Liu Shanda;Chen Fudong;Wang Kailun;Wang Jiasheng
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,266109,ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,266109,ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,266109,ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,266109,China
农业科技
气吸式排种器花生按压机构弹性压杆
air-suction seed metering devicepeanutpressing mechanismelastic compression rod
《中国农机化学报》 2026 (2)
48-54,7
国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD2001002)山东省花生产业技术体系项目(SDAIT—04-08)
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