减氮增菌处理对川南紫色土坡耕地氮磷流失的影响OA
Effects of nitrogen reduction and bacterial enhancement on nitrogen and phosphorus losses in purple soil slope farmland in southern Sichuan
[目的]明确坡耕地地表径流氮磷流失问题,探讨减氮增菌措施对其的影响,揭示菌肥用量与产沙量、径流氮磷流失量的关系,为解决该流失治理难题提供新视角和新途径.[方法]采用田间径流小区观测试验,以不施肥为对照(CK),并设置常规施肥(T1)、减氮30%(T2)、减氮30%加中量菌肥(T3)、减氮30%加高量菌肥(T4)处理,比较不同处理下产流量、产沙量、径流总氮(TN)、可溶性氮(DN)、总磷(TP)和可溶性磷(DP)浓度及流失量变化特征.[结果](1)与CK相比,T4处理的水土保持效果最好,显著降低产沙量(减少84.11%)、TN流失量(减少60.49%)、DN流失量(减少70.11%)和DP流失量(减少55.78%).另外,与T2相比,T4处理的TN浓度、TN流失量、DN浓度和DN流失量分别显著减少46.75%,49.80%,54.25%和56.46%.(2)回归分析表明,TN,DN,TP,DP流失量与产流量呈显著正相关.(3)大部分处理径流TN/TP比值小于22,表明该地区大部分土壤处于氮限制状态.[结论]减氮增菌施肥处理有效降低坡耕地产流量、产沙量、径流氮素和磷素流失,该施肥处理可作为促进西南地区坡耕地农业可持续生产和减少稻田面源污染的有效农艺推荐措施.
[Objective]This study aims to clarify the problem of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)losses via surface runoff on sloping farmland,investigate the effects of nitrogen reduction and bacterial enhancement,and reveal the relationship between application rate of bacterial biofertilizer,sediment yield,and N/P losses in runoff,providing new perspectives and approaches for addressing the challenges of controlling such losses.[Methods]Field runoff plot observation experiments were conducted,with no fertilizer application as the control(CK),and treatments of conventional fertilization(T1),N reduction by 30%(T2),N reduction by 30%with medium rate of bacterial biofertilizer(T3),and N reduction by 30%with high rate of bacterial biofertilizer(T4)were set up.The variation characteristics in runoff volume,sediment yield,and concentrations and loss amounts of total N(TN),dissolved N(DN),total P(TP),and dissolved P(DP)under different treatments were compared.[Results](1)Compared with CK,the T4 treatment demonstrated the best soil and water conservation effectiveness,significantly reducing sediment yield(by 84.11%),TN loss(by 60.49%),DN loss(by 70.11%),and DP loss(by 55.78%).Furthermore,compared with T2,the T4 treatment significantly reduced TN concentration(by 46.75%),TN loss(by 49.80%),DN concentration(by 54.25%),and DN loss(by 56.46%).(2)Regression analysis revealed that the losses of TN,DN,TP,and DP were significantly positively correlated with runoff volume.(3)The TN/TP ratios in runoff under most treatments remained below 22,indicating that most soil in the study area was nitrogen-limited.[Conclusion]N reduction and bacterial enhancement treatments effectively reduce runoff volume,sediment yield,and N and P losses in runoff from slope farmland.These fertilization practices can be recommended as an effective agronomic measure to promote sustainable agricultural production on slope farmland in southwestern China and to reduce non-point source pollution from paddy fields.
Li Renyu;Zeng Xiewei;Ding Weifeng;Hu Bangyou;Hu Huaizhou;Li Tianyang;He Binghui
Yibin Academy of Southwest University,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China||College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,ChinaYibin Academy of Southwest University,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China||College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,ChinaYibin Academy of Southwest University,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China||College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,ChinaYibin Natural No-tillage Research Institute,Yibin,Sichuan 644300,ChinaYibin Natural No-tillage Research Institute,Yibin,Sichuan 644300,ChinaYibin Academy of Southwest University,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China||College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,ChinaYibin Academy of Southwest University,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China||College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China
农业科技
紫色土减氮增菌氮磷流失菌肥用量
purple soilnitrogen reductionbacterial enhancementnitrogen and phosphorus lossesapplication rate of bacterial biofertilizer
《水土保持研究》 2026 (1)
111-119,9
国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20326)宜宾市双城协议保障科研经费项目(XNDX2022020002).
评论