洮河流域水沙演变特征及归因分析OA
Evolution characteristics and attribution analysis of runoff and sediment in Taohe River Basin
[目的]分析水沙变化趋势和原因,探究水沙变化之间的关系曲线,为科学认识水沙变化机制,促进黄河流域高质量发展提供支撑.[方法]基于1956-2023年月尺度径流量、输沙量等数据资料,采用M-K检验、Budyko方程和累积量斜率变化率比较法分析了年输沙量、年径流量变化趋势,诊断突变年份,构建水沙关系曲线,量化水沙变化原因.[结果](1)1956-2023年洮河流域年径流量、年输沙量均呈显著下降趋势.其中,红旗水文站年径流量和年输沙量下降速率最大,分别为-0.248亿m3/a和-46.68万t/a.岷县水文站年径流量和年输沙量下降速率最小,分别为-0.191亿m3/a和-3.38万t/a.(2)1956-2023年洮河流域各水文站年径流量和年输沙量均发生了突变.其中,红旗水文站年径流量和年输沙量的突变时间分别为1987年、2003年.(3)1956-2023年洮河流域各水文站的水沙关系曲线均呈幂函数.(4)气候变化和人类活动对洮河流域径流减少的贡献率分别为42.54%和57.47%,对洮河流域输沙量减少的贡献率分别为8.53%和91.47%.[结论]洮河流域径流量、输沙量均呈显著减少趋势,人类活动对其的影响超过了50%,人类活动是洮河流域减水、减沙的主要影响因子.
[Objective]This study aims to analyze the trends and causes of runoff and sediment changes and to explore the relationship curves between runoff and sediment changes,thereby providing support for understanding the mechanisms of runoff and sediment changes and promoting the high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.[Methods]Based on the data of monthly runoff and sediment discharge from 1956 to 2023,the M-K test,Budyko equation,and cumulative slope change rate comparison method were used to analyze the trends of annual sediment discharge and annual runoff,identify abrupt change years,construct the runoff-sediment relationship curves,and quantify the causes of runoff and sediment changes.[Results](1)The annual runoff and sediment discharge from 1956 to 2023 in the Taohe River Basin showed a significant declining trend.Among them,the Hongqi hydrological station had the largest decline rate of the annual runoff and sediment discharge,which were-2.48×107 m3/a and-4.668×105 t/a,respectively.The Minxian hydrological station had the smallest decline rates of annual runoff and sediment discharge,which were-1.91×107 m3/a and-3.38×104 t/a,respectively.(2)The annual runoff and sediment discharge of each hydrological station underwent abrupt changes in the Taohe River Basin from 1956 to 2023.Among them,the abrupt change years of annual runoff and sediment discharge at Hongqi hydrological station were 1987 and 2003,respectively.(3)The runoff-sediment relationship curves of different hydrological stations in the Taohe River Basin from 1956 to 2023 showed a power function.(4)The contribution rates of climate change and human activities to runoff reduction in the Taohe River Basin were 42.54%and 57.47%,respectively.The contribution rates of climate change and human activities to sediment discharge reduction in the Taohe River Basin were 8.53%and 91.47%,respectively.[Conclusion]The runoff and sediment discharge in the Taohe River Basin showed significant decreasing trends,with the impact of human activities on them accounting for over 50%.Human activities were the main influencing factors of runoff and sediment reduction in the Taohe River Basin.
Zhong Fujie;Wang Yusen;Wang Dong;Cao Jie
Lintao Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Center of Gansu Province,Lintao,Gansu 730500,ChinaLintao Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Center of Gansu Province,Lintao,Gansu 730500,ChinaLintao Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Center of Gansu Province,Lintao,Gansu 730500,ChinaLintao Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Center of Gansu Province,Lintao,Gansu 730500,China
天文与地球科学
径流输沙量Budyko方程累积量斜率变化率比较法洮河流域
runoffsediment dischargeBudyko equationcumulative slope change rate comparison methodTaohe River Basin
《水土保持研究》 2026 (1)
46-53,8
甘肃省水利科学试验研究及技术推广项目"洮河上游受水利工程影响前后水文情势研究"(24GSLK039)
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