人才流失,还是人才获得?:人口迁移对迁出地教育人力资本积累的影响及其机制OA

China is experiencing an unprecedentedly large-scale population migration,which has exacerbated the differentiation of regional population growth and decline as well as brought numerous challenges to regional development.Using microdata from population censuses and population sample surveys,this study analyzes the phenomena of"brain drain"and"brain gain"during China's internal migration process,and explores the impact and mechanisms of population migration on the accumulation of educational human capital in origin regions.The migrated population has a relatively high level of education,for origin regions,population outflow manifests as a loss of labor resources and talents,yet the overall effect of migration on the accumulation of educational human capital in origin regions remains positive.Empirical research indicates that while China's population migration and mobility seem to be a"brain drain"for out flow,they objectively play a role of"brain gain".Compared with the outflow of ordinary labor,the outflow of talents has a more distinct promoting effect on regional human capital accumulation.The incentive effect based on migration prospects and the income effect of remittances from migrant families will enhance families'willingness and capacity to invest in education;Compensatory educational investments made by governments in origin regions to address population outflow and human capital loss have led to an increase in educational human capital in these areas amid internal migration.This study puts forward suggestions on how to expand the"brain gain"effect,promote the accumulation of educational human capital and local development in origin regions during the migration process,and advance the achievement of balanced and coordinated regional development.