全国典型湖泊邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)塑化剂多介质赋存特征及风险评估OA
Multi-medium distribution characteristics and risk assessment of phthalate esters in repre-sentative lakes across China
中国作为全球最大的发展中国家之一,正面临日益严峻的PAEs(邻苯二甲酸酯)污染问题.PAEs作为塑化剂被广泛应用于工业、食品行业和医药行业,因使用量大且未经规范处理,导致在环境中长期积累并呈现出显著的毒性.为探究PAEs在中国典型湖泊中的赋存特征和人类活动的影响效应,本研究选择我国30个典型湖泊水体和20个典型湖泊沉积物,系统分析了PAEs的多介质赋存状况、空间分布、生态风险和潜在来源.结果表明,PAEs在水相和沉积相中分别为0.01～27.60 μg/L和28.8～74935 ng/g,邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)是水相和沉积物中的主要PAEs;湖区空间分布呈现显著差异,长江中下游地区污染最为严重.其中,DEHP和DBP是湖泊水体和沉积物中的主要PAEs组分,贡献率最高.湖区空间分布呈现显著差异,长江中下游湖泊受污染最为严重.基于风险熵生态风险评价,发现约30％的湖泊对甲壳类生物存在较高风险,其中DEHP和DBP是主要的高风险PAEs组分.进一步的主成分分析—多元线性回归显示,工业废水排放和农业生产活动是PAEs的主要污染来源,特别是农用薄膜、农药使用量与DEHP、DBP呈现显著正相关关系.研究结果表明,PAEs在湖泊水—沉积物系统中具有显著的多介质分布特征,并受人类活动的强烈影响.因此,建议强化农业生产中PAEs添加剂的使用管理,提高工业废水处理工艺中PAEs的去除效率,以降低湖泊水体污染负荷.本研究揭示了我国典型湖泊PAEs的环境行为、风险特征及其人为驱动机制,为制定水生态环境保护策略提供了科学依据.
As one of the world's largest developing countries,China is facing an increasingly severe pollution problem caused by phthalates(PAEs).PAEs are widely used as plasticizers in various industries,including the food and pharmaceutical industries.Due to their widespread use and the lack of standardized treatment,they have accumulated in the environment over the long term and have become highly toxic.This study systematically analyzed the occurrence,spatial distribution,ecological risks and potential sources of PAEs in 30 typical lake water bodies and 20 typical lake sediment samples in China to explore the occurrence characteris-tics of PAEs and the effects of human activities.The results indicated that the concentration range of PAEs in the aqueous and sedi-ment phases was 0.01-27.6 μg/L and 28.8-74935 ng/g,respectively.Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)and dibutyl phthalate(DBP)were the predominant PAEs in both phases.The spatial distribution of lake areas showed significant differences,with the most severe pollution occurring in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.DEHP and DBP were found to be the main PAEs in lake water and sediments,contributing the most.There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of lake areas,with those in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River being the most severely polluted.Based on an ecological risk assess-ment using risk quotients,approximately 30％of lakes were found to pose a high risk to crustaceans,primarily due to the presence of DEHP and DBP.Further principal component analysis and multiple linear regression revealed that industrial wastewater discharge and agricultural production activities were the primary sources of PAE pollution.There was a significant positive correlation between the use of agricultural films and pesticides,and DEHP and DBP concentrations.The results of the study indicate that PAEs exhibit significant multi-media distribution characteristics in the lake water-sediment system and are profoundly influenced by human activi-ties.Therefore,the management of PAE additives in agricultural production should be strengthened,and the efficiency of PAE re-moval in industrial wastewater treatment processes should be improved,in order to reduce the pollution load of lake water bodies.This study reveals the environmental behavior,risk characteristics and anthropogenic driving mechanisms of PAEs in typical Chinese lakes,providing a scientific basis for formulating water ecological and environmental protection strategies.
Zang Yajie;Huang Chenyu;Gui Zhiying;Gong Xionghu;Qin Yu;Zhang Lu;Zhao Zhong-hua
State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Nanjing 211135,P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Nanjing 211135,P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Aquaculture,College of Aquatic Science,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Nanjing 211135,P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Nanjing 211135,P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Nanjing 211135,P.R.ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China||University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China
邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)水体沉积物来源分析生态风险评价
Phthalate esters(PAEs)watersedimentsource analysisecological risk assessment
《湖泊科学》 2026 (1)
47-64,中插1-中插10,28
国家自然科学基金项目(42277404)、湖泊与流域水安全全国重点实验室自主部署项目(NKL2023-KP01)、第三次新疆综合科学考察项目课题(2022xjkk1504)、内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023YFHH0051)和江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20231096)联合资助.
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