100多年来中国沙漠治理与荒漠化防治的历程和大事记OA

During the past 125 years(1900-present),the principle of desert control in China has been"controlling sand hazards and protecting the environments for human living and production".Since the beginning of the 21st century,with the substantial improvement of China's productivity and the growing awareness of environmental protection,the philosophy of desert control has been gradually shifting toward"humans and deserts coexist harmoniously".Therefore,it is urgently necessary to systematically review and summary the history of China's desert control and the major events over the past 125 years to meet this demand.For this purpose,by taking into full consideration of the national socioeconomic context and the evolution of desert control strategies,we divided the past 125-years into 7 stages:the Late Qing and Early Republic period(1900-1910),the Early Republic to the founding of the People's Republic of China(1911-1949),the founding of the People's Republic of China to the eve of the Cultural Revolution(1949-1965),the decade of the Cultural Revolution(1966-1976),the beginning of Reform and Opening-up to the signing of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification(1977-1994),the stage of overall improvement in desert and desertification control(1995-2013),and the stage of"greening advancing"(2014-present).On this basis,we enumerated and analyzed 10 major events that had profound influence on China's desert control history:1)Shen'e Liu:the pioneer of desert-control research in China,the first Chinese scholar entered the Qiangtang Plateau for scientific investigation,and the scientist who completed a"modern Journey to the West"on foot alone.2)Establishment of China's first sand control station-Zhanggutai Sand Control Station.3)The desert scientific investigations by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.4)Establishment of the major of Desert Control at Inner Mongolia Forestry College.5)Founding of the Institute of Desert Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences.6)Widespread application of the straw checkerboard sand barrier technology.7)Implementation of the Grain-for-Green Program,which effectively promoted the reversal of desertification.8)Large-scale population mitigation from rural to urban,which facilitated the natural recovery of desert ecosystem.(9)Construction of large-scale wind and photovoltaic power plants,which promoted China's desert control significantly.10)The maturation of desert control technologies.This review will certainly contribute to the healthy development of China's desert control activities in the future.