中药防治颈动脉粥样硬化研究进展OA

The core pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)is considered as deficiency in root with excess in symptom,character-ized by the interrelated and mutually reinforcing factors of deficiency,Cold,Phlegm,stasis,and Toxin.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)possesses unique advantages in multi-step,multi-target,and holistic regulation in the prevention and treatment of CAS.Clin-ical treatment of CAS is often guided by syndrome differentiation from the perspectives of warming Yang and promoting blood circula-tion,resolving Phlegm and eliminating Turbidity as well as detoxifying and unblocking the vessels.These approaches have shown good clinical efficacy in reducing carotid intima-media thickness,stabilizing plaque characteristics,and improving blood lipid profiles.TCM formulas or active components can delay the occurrence and progression of CAS through mechanisms such as inhibiting inflammation,regulating lipid metabolism,autophagy,and apoptosis.Future research could focus on the following directions:establishing a standard-ized TCM syndrome system for CAS,deepening the systematic research on the mechanisms of TCM formulas,promoting the transforma-tion of active components into targeted drugs,accumulating high-quality clinical evidence,and developing a synergistic intervention model of integrative medicine.