不同杂草管理方式对山地胶园土壤环境和胶乳鲜重的影响OA
Effects of different weed management methods on soil environment and fresh latex weight in a mountainous rubber plantation
为探究不同杂草管理方式对山地橡胶园土壤环境及胶乳鲜重的影响,以橡胶树品种'云研 77-4'为研究对象,设置化学除草(CW)、人工除草(MW)、绿肥覆盖还田(GC)、杂草壕沟还田(WT)和常规管理(CK)5 个处理,于 2014-2023 年开展长期定位监测.结果表明,不同处理对土壤细菌群落结构和理化性质部分参数有显著影响.WT处理的土壤细菌特有操作分类单元(OTU)数量最多,且多样性指数也较高,MW 处理的土壤特有 OTU 数量偏少,且多样性指数偏低.各处理下两个土层(0～20 cm和 20～40 cm)土壤细菌群落结构相似,均以绿弯菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门和厚壁菌门为土壤优势菌门.WT处理显著提高了土壤有机质(OM)含量、pH值,交换性钙(ExCa)含量和交换性镁(ExMg)含量,GC处理在提升速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)含量及改善土壤结构方面表现显著,相比之下,MW处理导致土壤OM、全氮(TN)、碱解氮(HyN)含量等指标的下降.胶乳年产鲜重数据显示,WT、GC 处理的年平均胶乳鲜重在 2022、2023 年均高于CK、MW处理.冗余分析表明,土壤pH值、OM含量、全磷(TP)含量是影响胶乳鲜重的最关键因子,对胶乳鲜重的贡献率分别为 58.6%、47.4%、47.4%.综上,WT、GC处理对改善土壤环境和提高橡胶树胶乳鲜重具有积极效果.
This study aims to investigate the effects of different weed management methods on the soil environment and latex wet weight in a mountainous rubber plantation.The weeds in the plantation of the rubber tree clone'Yunyan 77-4'were managed with five methods:chemical weeding(CW),manual weeding(MW),green manure cover and incorporation(GC),weed trench incorporation(WT),and conventional management(CK).A long-term field monitoring was conducted from 2014 to 2023 and yielded the following results.Different treatments exerted significant influences on soil bacterial community structure and some parameters of physicochemical properties.The number of unique OTUs and diversity indices of soil bacteria were the highest in the WT treatment and also exhibited higher diversity indices,while the MW treatment showed lower values in both unique OTU number and diversity index of soil bacteria.The structure of the soil bacterial community was similar between the two soil layers(0-20 cm and 20-40 cm)across all treatments.Chloroflexi,Actinobacteriota,Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota,and Firmicutes represented the dominant phyla.Regarding soil physicochemical properties,the WT treatment significantly increased the soil organic matter(OM)content,pH value,exchangeable calcium(ExCa)and exchangeable magnesium(ExMg)contents.The GC treatment was effective in elevating available phosphorus(AP)and available potassium(AK)contents and improving soil structure.In contrast,the MW treatment resulted in decreases in soil OM,total nitrogen(TN),and hydrolysable nitrogen(HyN).The data of annual latex wet weight showed that the average annual latex wet weight of the WT and GC treatments in 2022、2023 was higher than that of the CK and MW treatments.Redundancy analysis identified soil pH,OM,total phosphorus(TP)content were the most critical factors affecting latex wet weight,contributing 58.6%,47.4%,47.4%to the variation.In conclusion,the WT and GC treatments exert positive effects on improving the soil environment and increasing the latex wet weight of rubber trees.
YUAN Huifang;LI Jinwei;RUAN Yanwei;CHEN Minghui;ZHOU Huiping;YAN Xiangshuai
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China||Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,ChinaYunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China||Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,ChinaYunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China||Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,ChinaYunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China||Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,ChinaPu'er University,Pu'er,Yunnan 665000,ChinaYunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China||Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China
农业科技
山地胶园杂草管理方式细菌群落土壤理化性质胶乳鲜重
mountainous rubber plantationweed management methodsbacterial communitysoil physicochemical propertieslatex wet weight
《森林与环境学报》 2026 (1)
60-70,11
云南省农业基础研究联合专项"气候变化背景下两种胶园种植模式橡胶树排胶特点及割胶策略研究"(202401BD070001-128)云南省所热带作物科技创新专项资金"环境友好型生态胶园构建与胶园生态功能评估"(RF2025)云南省财政专项"云南省现代农业橡胶产业技术体系建设"(2025KJTX-12-3).
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