施肥模式对淠史杭灌区麦田氮磷流失及土壤肥力的影响OA

In order to investigate the effects of different fertilization patterns on nitrogen and phosphorus loss and soil fertility in wheat fields in Pishihang Irrigation District,this paper set up six fertilization patterns,including no fertilization(KB),conventional fertilization(CG),optimized fertilization(YH),optimized fertilization with 30%nitrogen reduction(JD),optimized fertilization with 50%phosphorus reduction(JL)and optimized fertilization with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium reduction and straw returning(JG),analyzed the regulatory effects of different fertilization patterns on wheat field runoff nitrogen and phosphorus loss and soil fertility.The results showed that compared with the KB fertilization pattern,the CG fertilization pattern significantly increased the concentration of ammonium nitrogen and soluble phosphorus in field runoff,while the JG fertilization pattern reduced the concentration of ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and soluble phosphorus in field runoff by 23.22%,53.91%,and 9.5%,respectively.In terms of soil fertility,compared with the KB fertilization pattern,the JG fertilization pattern significantly increased the soil available phosphorus and total nitrogen contents by 42.2%and 42.5%,respectively,while maintaining stable pH value and organic matter content in soil;the JL fertilization pattern and JD fertilization pattern both increased soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents,but had limited regulatory effects on total nitrogen content.The fertilization pattern of optimized fertilization with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium reduction and straw returning could enhance soil fertility by synergistically controlling the physical resistance and nutrient release effects of straw returning,while reducing the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss.