氮磷钾配比施肥对小白嘴山药产量和质量的影响OA北大核心

Objective:To explore the effects of different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the yield,con-tent and total yield per acre of medicinal components and nutrients of Xiaobaizui Chinese Yam,and to determine the appropriate ratio and amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization.Methods:The"3414"experimental design was adopted in the fertilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the content of Chinese Yam polysaccharide was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method,and the contents of diosgenin and allantoin were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.The soluble sugar and starch con-tents were determined by anthrone colorimetry,and the soluble protein content was determined by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 stai-ning method.Results:The fresh weight of rhizome per plant of Dioscorea opposita in treatment 6 and the yield were significantly higher than those in other treatments,which were 319.10 g,3 732.73 kg/666.7 m2,respeetively.The contents of Chinese Yam polysaccharide and diosgenin in treatment 6 were the highest with 32.81 mg/g and 95.01 μg/g,respectively,and the content of allantoin in treatment 11 was the highest(9.04 mg/g).The total yield per acre levels of Chinese Yam polysaccharides,diosgenin and allantoin in treatment 6 were significantly higher than those in other treatments.The starch content of treatment 1 was the highest(196.11 mg/g),the soluble sugar content of treatment 6 was the highest(81.81 mg/g),and the soluble protein content of treatment 10 was the highest(45.86 mg/g).The total yield per acre of Chinese Yam starch,soluble sugars and soluble proteins in treatment 6 was significantly higher than that in other treatments.Conclusion:Based on the yield and quality indexes of Xiaobaizui Chinese Yam,the optimum fertilization rate is 20 kg N,10 kg P2O5 and 20 kg K2O per 666.7 m2,and the ratio of N,P,K is 1∶0.5∶1.