计及碳排放成本的园区综合能源系统供需协同优化方法OA

[Objective]Demand-side technologies contribute to energy conservation and load regulation in integrated energy systems.However,most existing models focus solely on optimising the supply-side factors.To address this gap,a supply-demand co-optimisation model for integrated energy systems is developed.[Methods]On the demand side,building performance simulation is used to generate a set of envelope retrofitting scenarios,and a load-shifting-based demand response strategy is introduced to enhance system flexibility.On the supply side,clustering methods are applied to extract typical days to represent annual variations in energy demand.A mixed-integer linear programming model is established to integrate these components and achieve supply-demand co-optimisation.[Results]A case study based on a community in Shanghai shows that the proposed co-optimisation model can reduce the total annual cost by approximately five percent compared to a supply-side-only optimisation approach.Moderate envelope retrofitting enables optimal system performance,and the associated costs can be offset by savings in operational,carbon emission,and installed capacity costs.[Conclusions]The proposed model provides theoretical support and practical reference for the efficient configuration and operational optimisation of integrated energy systems under carbon tax constraints.