播期对姜黄主要农艺性状及药材品质的影响OA北大核心

Objective:To study the effects of different sowing dates on the main agronomic traits and quality of Curcuma longa.Methods:A randomized block design was used,and the Curcuma longa varieties(strains)'Qianjunhuang No.1'and'Huangsiyujin No.1'were used as test materials.They were sown on March 16,April 20,May 19,June 17,July 10,2023,respectively.The plant height,leaf length,leaf width,rhizome fresh weight,root fresh weight,root number and curcumin content of Curcuma longa under different sowing dates were measured.Results:The sowing date had a significant effect on the main agronomic traits and total curcumin content of Curcu-ma longa.With the delay of sowing date,the aboveground morphology of Curcuma longa plants gradually became smaller,the weight of Curcuma longa rhizomes decreased,the total curcumin content in rhizomes decreased,and the number and yield of Curcuma longa roots showed an upward trend.Under the same sowing date,the underground drying rate,total curcumin content of rhizome and total curcumin content of root tuber of'Qianjunhuang No.1'were significantly higher than those of'Huangsiyujin No.1',and other indexes were signifi-cantly lower than those of'Huangsiyujin No.1'.The results of correlation analysis showed that the rhizome fresh weight and root fresh weight of Curcuma longa were significantly positively correlated with plant height,leaf length and leaf width under different sowing dates.The number of tuberous roots was significantly positively correlated with the fresh weight of tuberous roots,and was significantly negatively correlated with the underground drying rate and root-shoot ratio.The total curcumin content of rhizomes and total curcumin content of roots were significantly positively correlated with the drying rate of underground parts,and significantly positively correlated with the root-shoot ratio.Conclusion:In the cultivation of Curcuma longa,if the purpose is to obtain high-quality Curcuma longa rhizo-me,the recommended variety(strain)'Qianjunhuang No.1'is recommended,and it is better to sow in the middle and late March;In or-der to obtain high yield of Curcuma longa root,the recommended variety(strain)'Huangsiyujin No.1'is sown from late May to early July.