"四水四定"导向下水资源消耗总量和强度双控评价指标体系构建OA

To enhance the effective management of water resources and promote its contribution to eco-nomic growth,China has implemented various regulatory policies.This paper analyzes the fundamental concepts and scientific connotations of the"dual control"of total water consumption and intensity within the context of the"Four Waters,Four Determinations"policy.A comprehensive evaluation framework,consisting of fourteen evaluation indicators,is constructed to quantify total water consumption and intensi-ty.An empirical study is conducted using data from nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2013 to 2022,focusing on their water resource utilization and socioeconomic development.By employing the entropy weight method and TOPSIS analysis,the levels of dual control over water consumption and inten-sity over the past decade are evaluated.The results indicate that the changes in the levels of dual control across the nine provinces were relatively moderate from 2013 to 2022.Specifically,six provinces,Shanxi,Henan,Sichuan,Gansu,Qinghai,and Ningxia,exhibited an upward trend,while Shandong,Shaanxi,and Inner Mongolia showed a slight decline.Spatially,the dual control levels in the basin pres-ent a pattern of stronger central regions and weaker peripheries to the north and south.The findings of this study provide valuable insights for the sustainable utilization and management of water resources in the Yellow River Basin.