盐度和亚硝酸盐氮胁迫对四角蛤蜊呼吸代谢影响OA
The effects of salinity and nitrite nitrogen stress on the respiratory metabolism of Mactra veneriformis
盐度和亚硝酸盐氮会对四角蛤蜊(Mactra veneriformis)造成环境胁迫作用,本研究以盐度30 的天然海水为对照,通过设置盐度梯度(25、20 和15)和不同亚硝酸盐氮浓度(1.0、1.5 和2.0 mg/L),考察盐度和亚硝酸盐氮交互作用对四角蛤蜊的耗氧率、排氨率、鳃丝结构变化及Na+/K+-ATP酶活性影响.结果表明,盐度30 时四角蛤蜊的耗氧率最高可达3.160 mg/g/h,但盐度15 时耗氧率仅为0.726 mg/g/h,说明盐度显著影响四角蛤蜊的耗氧率(P<0.05),但亚硝酸盐氮对四角蛤蜊耗氧率的影响不存在显著性差异(P>0.05).盐度 15～30 时,四角蛤蜊的排氨率为0.076～0.131 mg/g/h,但当盐度 30 海水中亚硝酸盐氮浓度为 1～2mg/L 时,四角蛤蜊的排氨率升高至 0.313～0.394 mg/g/h,说明海水中亚硝酸盐氮浓度变化对四角蛤蜊排氨率的影响存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而盐度对其排氨率的影响不存在显著性差异(P>0.05).由O∶N值可知,在盐度和亚硝酸盐氮影响下四角蛤蜊由主要依赖脂质和糖类代谢的模式转向蛋白质代谢.同时,本研究发现低盐度和高亚硝酸盐氮浓度下,四角蛤蜊鳃丝结构受损较为严重,具体表现为:鳃小片间隙扩张、鳃丝弯曲且收缩肿胀、部分鳃间隔细胞脱落,Na+/K+-ATP酶活力变化幅度较小,表明盐度和亚硝酸盐氮双因素胁迫对四角蛤蜊呼吸代谢的影响更显著(P<0.05).本研究结果可为四角蛤蜊养殖生物学和滩涂环境水质管理提供参考.[中国渔业质量与标准,2025,15(1):01-09]。
Salinity and nitrite nitrogen can impose environmental stress on the hard clam Mactra veneriformis.In this study,natural seawater with a salinity of 30 served as the control,while salinity gradients(25,20,and 15)and nitrite nitrogen concentrations(1.0,1.5,and 2.0 mg·L-1)were applied to investigate the interactive effects on the oxygen consumption rate,ammonia excretion rate,gill filament structure,and Na+/K+-ATPase activity of Mactra venerifor-mis.The results showed that the highest oxygen consumption rate of Mactra veneriformis reached 3.160 mg·g-1·h-1 at a salinity of 30,while it decreased to0.726 mg·g-1·h-1 at a salinity of 15,indicating that salinity significantly affected oxygen consumption rate of the clams(P<0.05).However,nitrite nitrogen had no significant effect on oxy-gen consumption rate(P>0.05).When salinity ranged from 15 to 30,the ammonia excretion rate of Mactra veneri-formis varied between0.076 and 0.131 mg·g-1·h-1.However,when the nitrite nitrogen concentration was 1～2 mg·L-1 in seawater at a salinity of 30,the ammonia excretion rate increased to 0.313～0.394 mg·g-1·h-1,suggesting that nitrite nitrogen significantly affected ammonia excretion rate(P<0.05),whereas salinity does not(P>0.05).The O∶N ratio indicated that under the combined influence of salinity and nitrite nitrogen,Mactra vener-iformis shifted from a metabolic pattern primarily relying on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism to protein metabolism.Additionally,this study found that under low salinity and high nitrite nitrogen concentration,the gill filament structure of Mactra veneriformis was severely damaged,characterized by expanded gaps between gill lamellae,bent and swollen gill filaments,partial shedding of gill septum cells,and minimal changes in Na+/K+-ATPase activity.This indi-cates that the combined stress of salinity and nitrite nitrogen significantly impacts the respiratory metabolism of Mactra veneriformis(P<0.05).The findings of this study provide a reference for the aquaculture biology of Mactra venerifor-mis and water quality management in intertidal environments.[Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards,2025,15(1):01-09].
柴鸿煦;邵晓娟;刘文珂;丁香明;张国柱;陈彦豫;徐蕴锐;霍忠明;王华
大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023||肇源畜牧水产技术服务中心,黑龙江 大庆 1665000大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁 大连 116023
农业科技
四角蛤蜊盐度亚硝酸盐氮呼吸代谢影响
Mactra veneriformissalinitynitrite nitrogenrespiratory metabolismimpact
《中国渔业质量与标准》 2025 (1)
1-9,9
现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-49)辽宁省科技计划联合计划项目(2024JH2/102600088)大连海洋大学大学生创新创业计划项目
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