为评价烟碱类杀虫剂与球孢白僵菌的协同关系,明确吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺与白僵菌的相容性及二者复配对高粱蚜虫的杀虫效果,本研究利用生物活性测定方法,分别测定不同浓度的球孢白僵菌(菌株GZGY-1-3)和三种化学农药对高粱蚜虫的致死率.结果表明,不同浓度(1.6×105～1×109 孢子/mL)的球孢白僵菌对蚜虫的校正死亡率为 34.22%～89.90%.三种化学农药对高粱蚜虫的杀虫效果由高到低为吡虫啉,呋虫胺,噻虫嗪.通过化学农药和球孢白僵菌的复配,研究农药浓度和复配时间对球孢白僵菌孢子萌发率的影响,评价二者的相容性.结果表明,农药浓度越大,处理时间越长,对孢子萌发影响越大.用推荐农药剂量的1/8和1/10浓度处理后,菌药相容性较好,孢子萌发率均在90%以上.基于前期试验结果,测定菌药联合对蚜虫的杀虫效果.结果表明,菌药复配后的共毒系数均大于80,其对高粱蚜虫的致死率明显增高,表现为相加或者增效作用,其中,球孢白僵菌(4×107孢子/mL)与呋虫胺复配毒力最强,致死率达97.67%,共毒系数为135.37.因此,球孢白僵菌与三种烟碱类化学农药复配,当化学农药浓度稀释8倍以上,混合处理时间不超过4 h,二者的兼容性较好.球孢白僵菌(4×107孢子/mL)与呋虫胺复配效果最佳.
The synergistic relationship of neonicotinoid pesticides with Beauveria bassiana,the compatibility of imidacloprid,thiamethoxam,and dinotefuran with B.bassiana,and their combined control efficiency against the sorghum aphids,Melanaphis sacchari were investigated in this study.Mortality of M.sacchari exposed to different concentrations of B.bassiana(strain GZGY-1-3)and the three chemical pesticides was determined using bioactivity assay.The results showed that the corrected mortalities of M.sacchari subjected to B.bassiana at different concentrations(1.6×105―1×109 conidia/mL)were 34.22%―89.90%.Th three chemical pesticides ranked according to the mortalities of the treated M.sacchari from high to low were imidacloprid,dinotefuran,and thiamethoxam.The effects of pesticide concentration and mixing time on conidial germination of B.bassiana were investigated.The results showed a positive correlation between the pesticide concentration,and the treatment time and the effect on conidial germination.When treated with 1/8 and 1/10 concentration of the recommended pesticide dose,the B.bassiana showed high compatibility,with conidial germination rate of over 90%.Based on the previous test results,the control efficiency of the combination of fungus and pesticide against aphids was determined.The combinations were characterized by co-toxicity coefficients of over 80 and resulted in significantly higher mortality rates of the sorghum aphids,showing additive or synergistic effects.Among the combinations,B.bassiana(4×107 conidia/mL)mixed with dinotefuran was the most virulent,with a mortality rate of 97.67%and a co-toxicity coefficient of 135.37.Therefore,the compatibility of B.bassiana with the three nicotinic chemical pesticides are high when the chemical pesticides are diluted by a factor of 8-fold and the mixed treatment time is less than 4 h.The best mixture is between B.bassiana(4×107 conidia/mL)and dinotefuran.
郭继元;潘昌滨;潘自平;张锡梅;陈晓杰;王小武;唐继洪;严森;吴圣勇
茅台学院资源环境系,仁怀 564507新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海口 571101中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京 100193
植物保护学
高粱蚜虫;球孢白僵菌;烟碱类农药;相容性;共毒系数
sorghum aphids;Beauveria bassiana;neonicotinoids;compatibility;co-toxicity coefficients
《中国生物防治学报》 2024 (002)
274-281 / 8
贵州省普通本科高等学校服务农村产业革命战略行动计划(2018-093);贵州省教育厅创新群体项目(2020-023);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费(S2022XM18)
10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2023.01.047
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