[目的]研究土壤秸秆注孔对土壤含水量及作物生长的影响,为旱作农田增加雨水蓄集能力及提高水分利用效率提供理论依据.[方法]开展玉米-小麦轮作田间试验,设置常规种植(CK)、土壤秸秆注孔2孔/m2(T1),4孔/m2(T2),8孔/m2(T3)4个处理.[结果]秸秆注孔所有处理均提高了整个试验期表层土壤含水量.T2,T3处理提高了收获期深层土壤含水量,试验结束时两者底层土壤(60-80 cm)含水量较CK分别提高了29.19％和28.18％.秸秆注孔处理提高了作物株高、经济产量和生物量,以及降水利用效率和水分利用效率,T2,T3处理的提高效果最明显,且彼此差异不显著.[结论]秸秆注孔具有保水性能和增产能力,根据成本和效果综合考虑,推荐秸秆注孔4孔/m2(T2)作为优选处理.
[Objective]The effects of soil straw hole injection on soil moisture content and crop growth were studied to provide a theoretical basis for increasing rainwater storage capacity and improving water use efficiency in dry farmland.[Methods]A field trial of a maize-wheat rotation was carried out,with four treatments including conventional tillage(CK),and soil straw hole injection of 2 holes/m2(T1),4 holes/m2(T2),and 8 holes/m2(T3).[Results]All three hole injection treatments increased the surface soil moisture during the entire experimental period.The T2 and T3 treatments increased the deep soil moisture content at harvest time,and the moisture content in the 60-80 cm soil layer increased 29.19％and 28.18％,respectively,compared with CK at the end of the experiment.Soil straw hole injection treatments increased plant height,yield,biomass,precipitation use efficiency,and water use efficiency.The T2 and T3 treatments had the most obvious effect on soil moisture and crop growth,with no significant difference between them.[Conclusion]Water retention and yield were increased by soil straw hole injection treatments.Considering the cost and effects,soil straw hole injection of 4 holes/m2(T2)is recommended.
李梦琦;肖辉;张慧;高贤彪;程文娟;董昱辰;张余良;陈坤
天津市农业科学院,天津 300384天津市农业科学院,天津 300384||天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津 300350天津亚派绿肥生物科技发展有限公司,天津 301600
农业科学
土壤秸秆注孔;土壤含水量;玉米-小麦轮作;水分利用效率
soil straw hole injection;soil moisture content;maize-wheat rotation;water use efficiency
《水土保持通报》 2024 (001)
50-56 / 7
国家重点研发计划项目"环渤海盐碱地耕地质量与产能提升技术模式及应用"(2021YFD190090505;2021YFD190090407);天津市技术创新引导专项"花苗木(月季)养分高效利用关键技术研究"(21YDTPJC00920);天津市农业科学院青年科技创新项目"基于秸秆还田的农田固碳增汇技术研究"(2022007)
10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.01.006
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